Chemical weapon > Related Articles

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• 155mm howitzer [r]: Implemented in self-propelled or lightweight towed versions, this howitzer size, with slight variations in caliber, is the world's most common medium artillery type [e]
• 1925 Geneva Protocol [r]: A widely ratified international treaty banning the use, as opposed to the manufacture, of chemical weapons and biological weapons [e]
• ALE-47 [r]: An intelligent countermeasures dispenser for military aircraft, which can receive commands directly from warning receivers, and dispense expendable radar and infrared decoys, as well as manage a retrievable decoy towed via an fiber optic cable [e]
• Accidental release source terms [r]: The mathematical equations that estimate the rate at which accidental releases of air pollutants into the atmosphere may occur at industrial facilities. [e]
• Acetylcholinesterase [r]: An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to choline and acetate, causing muscles, ennervated by cholinergic receptors, to relax [e]
• Acetylcholine [r]: A chemical transmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms including humans. [e]
• Acute radiation syndrome [r]: Disease or death caused by whole-body irradiation, over a short period of time, with a significant quantity of penetrating radiation [e]
• Ahmed Chalabi [r]: An Iraqi politician, who spent much of his time in exile or in Kurdistan, who has declining influence in the current situation but is still regarded as well-connected [e]
• American Civil War [r]: Major war 1861-65 fought over slavery in which the U.S. defeated the secessionist Confederate States of America. [e]
• Ammunition ship [r]: Warship specially configured to carry ammunition, usually for Navy ships and aircraft. [e]
• Ammunition storage point [r]: A place at which ammunition arrives in large shipping containers and is broken down for distribution to subordinate tactical units [e]
• Arms control [r]: Treaties and implementation agreements to restrict the development, production, deployment, or transfer of specified weapons or weapons technologies. [e]
• Arsenic [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol As, and atomic number (the number of protons) 33. [e]
• Artillery [r]: Crew-served military devices for propelling payloads over distance [e]
• Aum Shinrikyo [r]: A Japanese religious organization that conducted weapons of mass destruction operations inside Japan, principally sarin chemical weapon releases in 1994 and 1995 [e]
• Battle of Iwo Jima [r]: An exceptionally vicious battle, fought in February 1945, which solidified the U.S. strategic bombing of Japan by providing a closer island base, which both could support P-51 escort fighters and provide an emergency landing field for damage B-29 bombers [e]
• Biological Weapons and Toxins Convention [r]: International agreement banning the production and use of biological weapons, recognizing that there are also legitimate medical, research, and industrial uses for organisms that have potential use in biological warfare [e]
• Biological weapon [r]: Living organisms, or substances produced by living organisms, used as weapons to produce death or disease in human or agricultural populations [e]
• Blitzkrieg [r]: A military doctrine involving the breakthrough, at key points of the enemy lines, of highly mobile forces, usually of high technology for the time, which would then disrupt the enemy rear [e]
• Bomb [r]: Explosive device that typically rely on the exothermic chemical reaction of an explosive material to produce an extremely sudden and violent release of energy. [e]
• Carbon dioxide [r]: Chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. [e]
• Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff [r]: The senior member of the uniformed services of the United States, statutory senior military adviser to the President and Secretary of Defense; currently Admiral Mike Mullen; policy developer and adviser not in the operational chain of command [e]
• Chemical Corps [r]: A branch of military service concerned with detection and decontamination of chemical, biological and radiological agents; smoke generation; and, in the past, offensive chemical warfare and biological warfare [e]
• Chemical Weapons Convention [r]: Arms control treaty which prohibits the production, use and possession of chemical weapons and related assets. [e]
• Chemical terrorism [r]: Terrorism that uses the toxic effects of chemicals to kill, injure, or otherwise adversely affect its targets. [e]
• Chlorine [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Cl, and atomic number (the number of protons) 17. [e]
• Cholinesterase inhibitor [r]: Chemicals that block the action of the enzyme cholinesterase, which breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine; continuous presence of acetylcholine causes continuous muscle contraction [e]
• Command and control [r]: The combination of lawful authority over people and resources, coupled with the methods of directing their execution of missions and tasks directed at goals set by that authority [e]
• Counterforce [r]: Military targeting doctrine, historically associated with nuclear warfare and now with precision-guided munitions. [e]
• Counterproliferation [r]: The set of activities that detect and monitor the threat of weapons of special concern against one's own nation and one's allies. [e]
• David Wurmser [r]: A neoconservative specialist in Middle East policy, who advised Dick Cheney, John Bolton and Douglas Feith in the George W. Bush Administration, as well as writing extensively in favor of interventionist policies in the region; ; advisory board, U.S. Committee for a Free Lebanon; co-founder, Middle Eastern Media Review Institute [e]
• Decontamination [r]: The efforts to safeguard property and people that have been exposed to chemical, nuclear, or biological agents. [e]
• Dichloroethyl sulfide [r]: The most common form of sulfur mustard "mustard gas" chemical weapon, assigned the Western code HD [e]
• Dual-use [r]: Materials or equipment capable of being used either in civilian applications, or for military applications subject to counterproliferation controls, or for other sensitive uses such as the drug trade [e]
• Explosive ordnance disposal [r]: The techniques of identifying hazardous explosive devices, including unexploded ordnance (UXO) and improvised explosive devices (IED), determining if they can be rendered safe, and either attempting to render them safe or, after suitable precautions, destroying them in place [e]
• Federal Emergency Management Agency [r]: Under the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the lead operating agency for emergency response to disasters, accidents and attacks affecting the civilian population [e]
• France [r]: Western European republic (population c. 64.1 million; capital Paris) extending across Europe from the English Channel in the north-west to the Mediterranean in the south-east; bounded by Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy and Spain; founding member of the European Union. Colonial power in Southeast Asia until 1954. [e]
• French support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq war [r]: French technical assistance and sales of military and dual-use equipment, beginning in approximately 1975, to Iraq, and continuing through the Iran-Iraq War; France and the Soviet Union were the leading military suppliers to Iraq [e]
• George Tenet [r]: Director of Central Intelligence from July 1997 to July 2004, heading the United States intelligence community and the Central Intelligence Agency [e]
• Gulf War [r]: The conflict started by the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990, and ended with the liberation of Kuwait and major damage to Iraqi forces, by a US-led UN coalition in 1991. [e]
• Hallucinogen [r]: General group of pharmacological agents classed as psychoactive drugs, which can cause subjective changes in perception, thought, emotion and consciousness. [e]
• Incident Command System [r]: An increasingly worldwide set of procedures and doctrines for operational response to emergencies requiring response from different organizations, ranging from multiple units of the same local fire department or police force, to major disasters covering large regions and requiring national or international resources [e]
• Information operations [r]: The integrated employment of the core capabilities of electronic warfare, computer network operations, psychological operations, military deception, and operations security. [e]
• Intelligence analysis [r]: Techniques, independent of the subject matter, for correlating multiple kinds of information, hypothesizing meaning from the set of data available, and, with incomplete information, validating the hypotheses [e]
• Iran-Iraq War [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Iraq War, major combat phase [r]: That part of the Iraq War involving the initial invasion by large-scale ground forces [e]
• Iraq War [r]: Invasion of Iraq by a coalition of countries, led by the United States, in 2003, and subsequent occupation [e]
• Iraq and weapons of mass destruction [r]: Threats, development programs and actual use, of weapons of mass destruction by Iraq, from the 1970s through the Iraq War [e]
• Italian support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Joint Chiefs of Staff [r]: The staff committee of the most senior members of the U.S. military services, charged with policy advice, doctrinal development, and preparedness rather than operational control of forces [e]
• Manhattan Project [r]: Code name for the U.S. nuclear weapon development program in the Second World War [e]
• Materials MASINT [r]: A discipline involving the measurement of signatures from the collection, processing, and analysis of gas, liquid, or solid samples; it complements technical intelligence: a technical intelligence analyst would work with a captured example of the weapon, or at least pieces of it, to come to that understanding of the propellant, while an analyst of this technique would infer the propellant through analysis of the exhaust [e]
• Measurement and signature intelligence [r]: A variety of intelligence gathering disciplines complementary to the technical "mainstream" of imagery intelligence and signals intelligence. [e]
• Mechlorethamine [r]: An antineoplastic agent, principally used for Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, of the family of nitrogen mustards in the class of alkylating agents. [e]
• Military doctrine [r]: The fundamental principles of a military organization. [e]
• Military strategy [r]: The highest-level national concept of the use of pure military power, inlcluding setting the composition of the military and its deployment; high-level regional objectives in war; military research and setting military production priorities [e]
• Missile Technology Control Regime [r]: Informal and voluntary association of countries which share the goals of non-proliferation of unmanned delivery systems capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction. [e]
• Mortar [r]: A piece of artillery, sometimes light enough to be carried by infantry, which has a short barrel length relative to the shell caliber, and fires in a high indirect trajectory, often desirable to fire over obstacles. [e]
• National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center [r]: A national support and resource center for planning, real-time assessment, emergency response, and detailed studies of incidents involving a wide variety of hazards, including nuclear, radiological, chemical, biological, and natural emissions. [e]
• National Security Strategy of the United States of America (2002) [r]: The key public document on national security strategy, issued by the George W. Bush Administration between the 9-11 Attack and the Iraq War [e]
• National technical means of verification [r]: Euphemism principally for imagery intelligence satellites and other means of strategic arms control verification, principally because the Soviet Union did not want its public to know that they could not prevent Western observation of the state [e]
• Nitrogen mustards [r]: A group of alkylating agents derived from mustard gas, with the sulfur replaced by nitrogen, originally chemical weapons but now used as highly toxic antineoplastic agents and immunosuppressants [e]
• Office of Special Plans [r]: A small office, formerly in the U.S. Department of Defense, created by Douglas Feith, under general supervision of William Luti and directly headed by Abram Shulsky, which took unprocessed intelligence and bypassed independent analysis, to present evidence supporting policy positions; this was a conscious "top-down" methodology contrasting to the traditional "bottom-up" of intelligence analysis [e]
• Oklahoma City bombing [r]: The 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, killing 168, by Timothy McVeigh, and a collaborator, Terry Nichols, with an anti-government agenda. [e]
• Operation DESERT FOX [r]: A December 1998 U.S. and U.K. air campaign against Iraq, to punish Saddam Hussein for interferences with weapons of mass destruction searches by the United Nations UNSCOM inspectors [e]
• Operation DESERT SABRE [r]: That part of the Gulf War that began when conventional units of the Coalition crossed the Kuwaiti or Iraqi border, and ended with the cease-fire. [e]
• Operation DESERT STORM [r]: That part of the Gulf War, beginning with the first air strikes at 02:00 local time, 17 January 1991, until the main ground assault into Kuwait, Operation DESERT SABRE [e]
• Osama bin Laden [r]: A radical jihadist who founded, with Ayman al-Zawahiri, a group known as al-Qaeda, which is credited with a series of terrorist attacks. [e]
• Paul Wolfowitz [r]: An American political scientist and policy-level foreign affairs official, of a neoconservative ideology; resident American Enterprise Institute and on International Security Advisory Board; Deputy Secretary of Defense in the George W. Bush Administration; advisor, Project for the New American Century [e]
• Phosgene [r]: COCl₂, an acid chloride industrial chemical used as a chemical weapon during WWI. [e]
• Preventive medicine [r]: A medical specialty concerned with recognizing and reducing health hazards to populations and individuals, with specialties that include the emergency recognition of infectious or environmental hazards, and the treatment of adverse effects of high (undersea) and low (aerospace) medicine, social behavior (e.g., drug abuse) and poisoning [e]
• Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare [r]: The first treaty banning weapons of mass destruction, passed in 1925 [e]
• Radiological weapon [r]: A weapon that uses explosives or other mechanical means to disperse radioactive substances that present a hazard of producing acute radiation syndrome or other harmful effects, such as contaminating an area and making it unusable [e]
• Richard Clarke [r]: Career U.S. defense official who served in policy posts in the Ronald Reagan,George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush Administrations, specializing in counterterrorism in the latter two [e]
• Saddam Hussein [r]: (1937–2006) Deposed and executed ruler of Iraq. [e]
• Second Battle of Ypres [r]: A 1915 battle of the First World War, in which Germany launched the first large-scale chemical warfare attack against France [e]
• Self-propelled artillery [r]: An artillery piece, usually wheels or tracks, which has its own power source for road movement. While it may move with supporting vehichles such as ammunition carriers, it does not depend on them for propulsion. [e]
• Smallpox [r]: A contagious infectious disease, caused by Variola major, which has been eradicated from the wild; its reappearance would almost certainly be biological warfare and a worldwide crisis [e]
• Solution Unsatisfactory (short story) [r]: A science fiction story by Robert Heinlein, dealing with an alternative history in which the U.S. develops and uses radiological weapons in the Second World War [e]
• Terrorism [r]: Any act, nearly always violent, unpredictable, and chaotic in nature, often targetting civilians, intended to create an atmosphere of fear in order to obtain a political objective. [e]
• The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy [r]: A controversial book by two American academics, suggesting that the relationship between the United States and Israel is dysfunctional, but affected by a loose but politically powerful set of interest groups in both countries [e]
• Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons [r]: The principal worldwide agreement for controlling the spread of nuclear weapons and nuclear weapons technology, without inhibiting the peaceful use of nuclear energy [e]
• U.K. support for Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War [r]: Most support to Iraq was without the knowledge or approval of U.K. government, but through covert Iraqi purchasing; some authorized dual-use sales were made, but largely ceased with the UN embargo [e]
• U.S. Intelligence and terrorism in the 1990s [r]: Tracking and actions against terrorism by the United States intelligence community in the 1990s [e]
• U.S. intelligence and transnational counterproliferation activities [r]: An overview over activities of the United States intelligence community, specifically dealing with arms control, weapons of mass destruction and weapons counterproliferation. [e]
• UNSCOM [r]: A United Nations agency, created in April 1991, to inspect Iraq for weapons of mass destruction and long-range guided missiles, and to supervise destruction of weapons and production facilities [e]
• United States Army Special Forces [r]: United States Army organization originally created to train and lead guerillas, highly qualified to work with other cultures; acquired additional missions including foreign internal defense, direct action (military), special reconnaissance, counterterrorism, etc. [e]
• Vertical launch system [r]: A method of launching guided missiles from warships, firing them straight up rather than using a launcher that aims them toward the target; missile guidance puts them on the path to the target [e]
• Warhead [r]: That part of a military weapon, which actively moves to strike a target, that causes the desired destructive effect on the target [e]
• Weapons of mass destruction [r]: Weapons that cause death or injury not primarily through kinetic energy of projectiles or the detonation of conventional explosives, but rather produce large-scale effects greater than possible with the same weight of explosives weapons; by means heat, blast and radiation from nuclear weapon; poisoning by chemical weapon; infectious disease by biological weapons; or acute or chronic radiation syndromes from radiological weapons. [e]
• World War I, poison gas [r]: Any of various toxic gases sometimes used in warfare between 1914 - 1918 because of their poisonous or corrosive nature. [e]
• World War II, air war [r]: Air operations in the Second World War [e]
• World War I [r]: Massive international conflict involving the Allies and Central Powers between 1914-1918. [e]