Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty

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In medicine, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), also called percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), is a form of myocardial revascularization in which occurs "dilatation of an occluded coronary artery (or arteries) by means of a balloon catheter to restore myocardial blood supply."[1]

PTCA may be a treatment for myocardial infarction and an intravascular stent may or may not be left at the site of the stenosis in order to prevent restenosis.[2]

Stenting

For more information, see: Stent.
Insertion of the stent on the delivery catheter, expansion of the stent, and lastly appearance after withdrawal of the delivery catheter.
Insertion of the stent on the delivery catheter, expansion of the stent, and lastly appearance after withdrawal of the delivery catheter.

Stenting reduces the rate of restenosis, but should not be done if the patient has extensive stenoses, the stenosis is in a very small coronary artery, or if bypass surgery is planned within a few days.[2]

Drug eluting stents can reduce restenosis rate[3], but should not be used if the patient cannot take clopidogrel.

Complications

Ventricular dysrhythmia during PTCA for myocardial infarction indicates an increased risk for mortality at 3 months.[4]

References

  1. ↑ Anonymous, (2009) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Keeley EC, Hillis LD (2007). "Primary PCI for myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation". N. Engl. J. Med. 356 (1): 47-54. DOI:10.1056/NEJMct063503. PMID 17202455.
  3. ↑ Spaulding C, Henry P, Teiger E, et al (September 2006). Sirolimus-eluting versus uncoated stents in acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (11): 1093–104. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa062006. PMID 16971716.
  4. ↑ Mehta, Rajendra H.; Aijing Z. Starr, Renato D. Lopes, Judith S. Hochman, Petr Widimsky, Karen S. Pieper, Paul W. Armstrong, Christopher B. Granger, for the APEX AMI Investigators (2009-05-06). Incidence of and Outcomes Associated With Ventricular Tachycardia or Fibrillation in Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. JAMA 301 (17): 1779-1789. DOI:10.1001/jama.2009.600. Retrieved on 2009-05-06.
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