View source for CZ:Chemistry style guide

This page is the first draft of style guide for chemistry articles, with sections detailing how to write equations, make arrows, which subsections to include for chemistry and for drug articles, the use of color and other topics.  This page is a work-in-progress, so chemistry editors, authors and other Citizens should feel free to add addtional comments and make corrections.
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== Chemical Elements and their isotopes ==
Pages for chemical elements should include the element infobox.  See [[Phosphorus]], [[Hydrogen]] or [[Nitrogen]] for examples of use.  The box should be filled in completely.  Because many elements have dozens of isotopes, these should be displayed on a subpage.  The only exception to this is to list a few of the widely used isotopes on the main page.  Examples of this would be deuterium, tritium and carbon-14, which are widely used in the sciences.  Be sure to fill in the hazards in the element infobox, particularly for radioactive elements.

== Naming (IUPAC) of articles for chemical compounds ==
When widely used, common names should be used for the article titles of chemical compounds.<br>
Thus, use methanol and ethanol rather than hydroxymethane or hydroxyethane.  Also create articles called hydroxymethane and hydroxyethane and use a redirects to the existing article.  The official chemical name according to the [[IUPAC]]<ref>International Union of Pure and Applied Chemists http://old.iupac.org/dhtml_home.html</ref> should be included somewhere in the article, but not necessarily at the top.  If the name is not too long, include it in the Chem infobox template.

== Chemical drawings: color, fonts and image sizes ==
[[Image:Ciprofloxacin structure.jpg|right|thumb|250px|{{#ifexist:Template:Ciprofloxacin structure.jpg/credit|{{Ciprofloxacin structure.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Ciprofloxacin.]] 

When drawing chemical structures in which color is used, color oxygen atoms red and nitrogen atoms blue.   Sulfur should be colored green.  Shades of magenta, orange, tan and brown may be used for other atoms.  Chemical structures are not required to use color other than black.

Within the article, unless the compound is very large, set the pixilation size in the range of 100-350, preferably 200-250.  Use a font size of 18 for most structures, and sizes smaller than 14 should be avoided to enable easy reading by all users.

== Molecular weight and formula ==
The molecular weight and chemical formula of the compound should be found in the article.  

== Chem infobox and Elem Infobox ==
A template, called [[Template:Chem infobox]] should be used to display data for chemical compounds.  A similar templated called [[Template:Elem Infobox]] should be used for chemical elements.  Below are examples taken from  [[Itraconazole]] and [[Phosphorus]].

{{Chem infobox
|align=left
|image=[[Image:Itraconazole structure.jpg|center|350px|thumb|{{#ifexist:Template:Itraconazole structure.jpg/credit|{{Itraconazole structure.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Itraconazole, a triazole-based antifungal agent.]] 
|width=350px
|molname=itraconazole
|synonyms=  itraconazol, itraconazolum
|molformula= C<sub>35</sub>H<sub>38</sub>C<sub>l2</sub>N<sub>8</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
|molmass= 705.6334
|uses=antifungal drug
|properties=triazole compound
|hazards=see drug interactions
|iupac= see chemistry section
|casnumber=84625-61-6
}}

{{Elem_Infobox
|background1=ffffff
|elementColor=ffe303
|elName=Phosphorus
|elMass=30.973761
|elSym=P
|elNum=15
|eltrnCfg=1''s''<sup>2</sup>2''s''<sup>2</sup>2''p''<sup>6</sup>3''s''<sup>2</sup>3''p''<sup>3</sup>
|no1= +3
|no2= +5
|no3= 0
|no4= -3
|properties=allotropic
|compounds=Oxides, oxyacids, halides
|uses=Vital to life; fertilizers; pesticides; acids; drying agents
|hazard= flammable, toxic
}}
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />

== Stereochemistry ==
Whenever possible, use solid wedges (up) and dashed wedges (down) to include stereochemistry of the compound whenever such information is available. Some compounds, like [[steroid]]s and [[cholesterol]], also use alpha and beta to denote stereochemistry. When applicable, say for a particular drug that is a steroid-mimic, this information should be included in the article for completeness, particularly in the IUPAC name of the chemical.

== Typical subsections to use ==
* Introductory paragraph (not labeled as subsection, similar to all CZ intros)
* Physical Properties
* Synthesis & Typical Reactions  
* History - including discovery
* Warnings
* Industrial manufacture

See the [[#Articles about drugs]] subsection below for extra subsections typically included for articles about drugs.

== Chemical equations ==
A few examples of widely used chemical reactions for the compound should be displayed.  Chemical reactions should be explained both in the text and with the use of equations.  Examples of wikitext and the resulting equations created are illustrated below.  Just copy & paste the relevant text.

=== How to make arrows ===
Some arrows can be inserted by clicking on the appropriate arrow located on the bottom of edit pages.  They can also be typed as shown by the examples below.  Note that the math begin (<nowiki><math></nowiki>) and math end (<nowiki></math></nowiki>) tags do not need to immediately surround the arrow functions, they only need to be at the beginning and end of equations. 
 
<b><math>\rightarrow</math></b> is made from <b><nowiki><math>\rightarrow</math></nowiki></b> or  <b><nowiki><math>\rarr</math></nowiki></b> or <b><nowiki>&amp;rarr;</nowiki></b><br>

<b><math>\leftarrow</math></b> is made from this <b><nowiki><math>\leftarrow</math></nowiki></b> or  <b><nowiki><math>\larr</math></nowiki></b> or <b><nowiki>&amp;larr;</nowiki></b><br> 

<b><math>\harr</math></b> is made from this <b><nowiki><math>\leftrightarrow</math></nowiki></b> or <b><nowiki><math>\harr</math></nowiki></b> or <b><nowiki>&amp;harr;</nowiki></b><br> 

<math>\stackrel{\textstyle \leftarrow}{\rightarrow} </math> is made from <b><nowiki><math>\stackrel{\textstyle \leftarrow}{\rightarrow} </math></nowiki></b><br>

<b><math>\uparrow</math></b> is made from this <b><nowiki><math>\uparrow</math></nowiki></b><br> 
<b><math>\downarrow</math></b> is made from this <b><nowiki><math>\downarrow</math></nowiki></b><br>

=== Equation example 1 (Roman lettering) ===
Note that buttons for superscripts and subscripts are located immediately above and below the edit text box when editing a page.  To subscript something, just hi-light the text and click the subscript button.

This text<br>

<b><nowiki>: 4NaPO<sub>3</sub> + 2SiO<sub>2</sub> + 10C  &rarr; 2Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> + 10CO + P<sub>4</sub></nowiki></b><br>

OR THIS TEXT<br>

<b><nowiki>:<math> 4 \mathrm{NaPO}_3 +  2 \mathrm{SiO}_2 + 10\mathrm{C}  \rarr 2 \mathrm{Na}_2\mathrm{SiO}_3 + 10\mathrm{CO} + \mathrm{P}_4 </math></nowiki></b>

provides the following equation (note that colons indent the equation) <br>

: <b>4NaPO<sub>3</sub> + 2SiO<sub>2</sub> + 10C  &rarr; 2Na<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub> + 10CO + P<sub>4</sub></b><br>
<br>
<br>

=== Equation example 2 (italic variables for math equations) ===
This text<br>

<b><nowiki>[[van der Waals equation]] :<math>\left(p + \frac{n^2 a}{V^2}\right)\left(V-nb\right) = nRT</math></nowiki></b><br>

provides this mathematic formula<br>

<b>[[van der Waals equation]] :<math>\left(p + \frac{n^2 a}{V^2}\right)\left(V-nb\right) = nRT</math></b>

== Greek symbols ==
Greek symbols can be inserted by clicking on the appropriate symbol located at the bottom of every "edit" page.

Alternatively, they be coded in directly using LaTex like so:<br>

<b><nowiki><math>\alpha</math>-[[amino acid]]s</nowiki></b> gets converted to: <b><math>\alpha</math>-[[amino acid]]s</b>.

Greek letters can also be made in HTML, see for a list [http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-html40-19980424/sgml/entities.html#h-24.3 here].

== Articles about drugs ==
Articles about drugs should include the following extra data, when available.  
The article [[ketoconazole]] is an example a drug article with complete information (except dosing)

Sections to include:

* <b> Image of the structure </b>, following rules listed above.

* <b>Chemistry</b> 
::This section can be used for the MW, chemical formula, IUPAC name and other data

* <b>Mechanism of action</b>
:: - This section might also include metabolism, especially for prodrugs

* <b>Drug interactions</b>
:: - In particular, dangerous drug combinations need to be listed in either paragraph or list form.

* <b>Synomyms</b>
:: - combine with Brand names if both lists are fairly short

* <b>Brand names</b>
:: - Be sure to append the ® symbol on the right side of each name.

* <b>Dosing???</b>
:: At present, dosing information has not been generally included.  This may change after discussion.

* <b>External links</b> 
:: The following three templates should be included for all drug pages- Include links to<br> 
* <nowiki>{{DailyMed}}</nowiki>
* <nowiki>{{MedMaster}}</nowiki>
* <nowiki>{{Drug Bank}}</nowiki>.  


See [[Ketoconazole]] or [[Atazanavir]] for an example article.  Unlike other articles, we put these links on the main page because they will contain the most up-to-date data available.

Presently, this data is all located on the main page, but might be moved to subpages in the future.  For newer drugs with only one brand name or synonym, these data should be in the introductory paragraph.  The "drug class", such as [[statin]]s, [[antiviral]]s, or [[protease inhibitor]]s, and very related drugs or natural compounds, should be mentioned.

== Explosives ==
Articles dealing with explosive compounds, unstable chemicals, and dangerous reactions must point out the danger inherent to the subject.

Executive Committee: Do we want to make a rule to show no explosive reactions?
[[Category:Chemistry Workgroup]]

== references ==
<references/>