Now and Zen: A 1988 studio album recorded by Robert Plant, with guest contributions from Jimmy Page. [e]
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Now and Zen
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Image:NZalbum1988.jpg
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Type
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Studio album
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Artist
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Robert Plant
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Release Date
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29 February 1988
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Recorded
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October - November 1987 at Swanyard Studios, London Marcus Studios, London. Mixed at Swanyard Studios, London.
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Genre
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Hard rock, rock
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Language
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English
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Length
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46 minutes 59 seconds
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Label
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Es Paranza Records
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Catalogue
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Es Paranza 90863-1 (US) Es Paranza 790 863-1 (UK)
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Producer
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Robert Plant, Tim Palmer, and Phil Johnstone
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Engineer
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Rob Bozas & Martin Russell
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Now and Zen is an album by the former Led Zeppelin singer Robert Plant, released in 1988 via the record label Es Paranza. The album generated two Mainstream Rock Tracks|mainstream rock hits, 'Heaven Knows' (Number 1 for six weeks) and 'Tall Cool One' (Number 1 for four weeks), and earned Plant his first solo multi-platinum honour with RIAA.[1]
Overview
With a new backing band and time to rethink the direction of his career, Plant returned in late 1987 with more of the material that had historically defined him in Led Zeppelin. Although Plant persisted in utilising computerised audio technology, in a comparable fashion to his anteceding solo issues, for this release Plant re-integrated blues-rock that had all but been relinquished on his 1985 release Shaken 'n' Stirred.[2] Plant, who often uses mysterious and mystical lyrics, composes some of his most coherent songs, and the manner in which the writing complements the melodic arrangements are partially responsible for the commercial success of Now and Zen. A prominent guitar and an exotic aural texture to the recordings also marked another transformation in Plant's sound, who now added Middle Eastern colouration in compositions like 'Heaven Knows'. This is a musical direction that he would eventually re-engage with in the mid-1990s with the Jimmy Page and Robert Plant project.
This album is also notable in that it marks his first collaboration with keyboardist Phil Johnstone, who would continue to play and write with Plant on subsequent albums, and song-writer producer Dave Barrett. Plant's lifelong loyalty to his favourite Association football|football team Wolverhampton Wanderers (The Wolves) is expressed in the form of wolf motifs on the front cover. The working title for this recording project was in fact Wolves. In another symbolic return to his past, Plant's feather from Led Zeppelin IV in encapsulated in a crystal, next to the wolf motifs. The charting singles 'Heaven Knows' and 'Tall Cool One' features Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page (On the liner notes, Page's participation on the recordings were signified with a ZoSo symbol)[3], underpinning a riff similar to the Yardbirds-era standard 'The Train Kept a-Rollinˈ'. In retort to the Beastie Boys' unauthorised sampling of Led Zeppelin songs on their 1986 album Licensed to Ill, Plant also sampled Led Zeppelin tracks ('Whole Lotta Love', 'Black Dog', 'The Ocean (song)|The Ocean', and 'Custard Pie') on 'Tall Cool One', furthermore singing lyrical refrains from 'When the Levee Breaks (Led Zeppelin song)|When the Levee Breaks'.[4] Plant reflects with 'White, Clean and Neat', a song evoking teen life in the mid-1950s, when the arrival of rock 'n' roll divided families and whole generations. 'Walking Towards Paradise' was initially a bonus track obtainable only on the CD version of the album. Rhino Entertainment eventually issued a remastered edition of the album, with additional tracks, on 3 April 2007.
Plant performed 'Heaven Knows', 'Tall Cool One', and 'Ship of Fools' at the Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary concert in 1988. 'Ship of Fools' was also used on the final two-hour episode of Miami Vice entitled 'Freefall'.
In an interview he gave to Uncut (magazine)|Uncut magazine in 2005, Plant commented:
‘
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By the time Now and Zen came out in '89, it looked like I was big again. It was a Top 10 album on both sides of the Atlantic. But if I listen to it now, I can hear that a lot of the songs got lost in the technology of the time.[5]
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’
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Track list
Album information
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1988 Track listing:
- 'Heaven Knows' (Phil Johnstone, David Barrett) – 4:02
- 'Dance on My Own' (Robert Plant, Phil Johnstone, Robert Crash) – 4:31
- 'Tall Cool One' (Robert Plant, Phil Johnstone) – 4:37
- 'The Way I Feel' (Robert Plant, Phil Johnstone, Doug Boyle) – 5:39
- 'Helen of Troy' (Robert Plant, Phil Johnstone) - 5:03
- 'Billy's Revenge' (Robert Plant, Phil Johnstone) – 3:33
- 'Ship of Fools' (Robert Plant, Phil Johnstone) – 4:59
- 'Why' (Robert Plant, Robert Crash) – 4:12
- 'White, Clean and Neat' (Robert Plant, Phil Johnstone) – 5:28
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Chart positions
Album
Chart (1988)
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Peak Position
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Norwegian Albums Chart[6]
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12
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UK Albums Chart[7]
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10
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Swedish Albums Chart[8]
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18
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Canadian RPM Top 100 Chart[9]
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4
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US Billboard The 200 Albums Chart[10]
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6
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Australian ARIA Top 50 Albums Chart[11]
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27
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German Albums Chart[12]
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48
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New Zealand RIANZ Top 40 Albums Chart
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7
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Singles
Year
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Single
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Chart
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Position
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1988
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'Heaven Knows'
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UK Singles Chart[13]
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33
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1988
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'Heaven Knows'
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US Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart[14]
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1
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1988
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'Heaven Knows'
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Canadian RPM Top 100 Chart[15]
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65
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1988
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'Tall Cool One'
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US Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart[16]
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1
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1988
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'Tall Cool One'
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UK Singles Chart[17]
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87
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1988
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'Tall Cool One'
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Australian ARIA Top 50 Singles Chart[18]
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47
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1988
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'Tall Cool One'
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US Billboard Hot 100 Singles Chart[19]
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25
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1988
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'Tall Cool One'
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Canadian RPM Top 100 Chart[20]
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15
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1988
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'Tall Cool One'
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US Cash Box Top 100 Singles Chart[21]
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31
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1988
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'Ship of Fools'
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US Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart[22]
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3
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1988
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'Ship of Fools'
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US Billboard Hot 100 Singles Chart[23]
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84
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1988
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'Dance on My Own'
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US Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart[24]
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10
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1989
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'Walking Towards Paradise'
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US Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks Chart[25]
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39
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Certifications
Album
Country
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Sales
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Certification
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United States (RIAA)
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3,000,000+
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3× Multi-Platinum[26]
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Credits
Personnel
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- Musicians:
- Robert Plant - vocals, producer
- Jimmy Page – lead guitar ('Heaven Knows' and 'Tall Cool One')
- Phil Johnstone - keyboards, producer
- Doug Boyle - guitar
- Phil Scragg - bass guitar
- Chris Blackwell - drums, percussion
- Additional musicians:
- David Barrett - programming, keyboards, engineer
- Robert Crash - programming
- Marie Pierre - backing vocals
- Toni Halliday - backing vocals
- Kirsty MacColl - backing vocals
- Jerry Wayne - background voice ('White, Clean and Neat')
- Production:
- Tim Palmer - producer
- Bob Bozas - engineer
- Martin Russell - engineer
- Jonathan Dee - engineer
- Michael Gregovich - engineer
- Tim Burrell - engineer
- Richard Evans - design, art direction
- Davies & Starr - photography
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Notes
- ↑ Pesselnick, Jill (October 2001). "Certifications: Beasties Toasted in Latest Certifications". Billboard 113 (43): 54. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved on 5 June 2009.
- ↑ Daniels, Neil (2008). Robert Plant: Led Zeppelin, Jimmy Page & the Solo Years, 1st. Church Stretton, Shropshire: Independent Music Press, 122. ISBN 0-9552822-7-6.
- ↑ Case, George (2007). Jimmy Page: Magus, Musician, Man - An Unauthorized Biography. New York: Hal Leonard, 174. ISBN 1-4234-0407-1.
- ↑ Lewis, Dave (2004). Led Zeppelin: The Complete Guide to Their Music. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 1-84449-141-2.
- ↑ Williamson, Nigel. 'Good Times...Bad Times', Uncut (magazine)|Uncut, May 2005, p. 62.
- ↑ Top 40 Albums - 6 March 1988. norwegiancharts.com. Retrieved on 17 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 100 Albums - 12 March 1988. chartstats.com. Retrieved on 17 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 60 Albums - 16 March 1988. swedishcharts.com. Retrieved on 17 January 2009.
- ↑ RPM Albums Chart - 9 April 1988. RPM. Retrieved on 17 January 2009.
- ↑ The Billboard 200 - 21 May 1988. Billboard. Retrieved on 17 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 50 Albums - 3 July 1988. ARIA. Retrieved on 17 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 100 Albums - July 1988. charts-surfer.de. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 100 Singles - 13 February 1988. chartstats.com. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks - 20 February 1988. Billboard. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ RPM Singles Chart - 9 April 1988. RPM. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks - 9 April 1988. Billboard. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 100 Singles - 30 April 1988. chartstats.com. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 50 Singles - 26 June 1988. ARIA. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Hot 100 Singles - 2 July 1988. Billboard. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ RPM Singles Chart - 9 July 1988. RPM. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Top 100 Singles - 9 July 1988. Cash Box. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks - 11 June 1988. Billboard. Retrieved on 20 April 2009.
- ↑ Hot 100 Singles - 3 September 1988. Billboard. Retrieved on 19 January 2009.
- ↑ Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks - 13 August 1988. Billboard. Retrieved on 20 April 2009.
- ↑ Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks - 14 January 1989. Billboard. Retrieved on 20 April 2009.
- ↑ RIAA.org Now and Zen - 7 September 2001. RIAA. Retrieved on 20 April 2009.
(Read more...)
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A wrench (American English), or spanner (British English), is a fastening tool used to manipulate threaded fasteners such as nuts, studs and bolts. They also may manipulate threaded structural elements such as pipes. The wrench is sized and shaped to put pressure and leverage on flat faces of the fastener, and then is moved in the direction of rotation needed to loosen or tighten the fastening assembly.
Hand tools
The most common hand wrenches are made either from a flat bar of steel, or from cylinders. Even with these two types, the wrench can either completely or partially surround the fastener.
Flat Bar
The most common hand wrenches either are open-ended, such that they have sides parallel to two or more facets of the nut, or box, which surrounds all sides of the nut. These types can drop over the nut no matter how much of the screw or bolt protrudes.
The longer the handle of the wrench, the more force can be applied to the fastener. One technique is to carry a length of pipe, which can slip over the wrench and act as a handle extender. Do be warned, however, that a sufficiently long pipe can exert enough force to break the wrench or the fastener.
Double-sided open-end wrench
Double-sided box-end wrench
Still, there are times when it is absolutely necessary to release a stuck fastener. It is usually wise first to apply a penetrating lubricant to the fastener, and tap it gently to let the lubricant reach the threads, waiting briefly before applying force. Yet another dangerous but sometimes necessary technique is to hit the handle of the wrench with a hammer; do remember to hit it in the direction in which the fastener needs to turn. Gloves and eye protection are wise precautions when hammering a wrench. An even more desperate expedient is to heat the fastener to expand it, which may destroy the hardness or toughness of the metal. Occasionally, it is possible to chill the piece to which the fastener is attached, contracting it and helping break the adhesion.
For some specialized applications, typically where only authorized persons are to adjust the fastener, the sides of the wrench head may not be parallel. For example, the nuts on fire hydrants are pentagonal, so they cannot be manipulated with a standard wrench shape.
Combination wrench
(CC) Photo: Derek Hodges A combination wrench A combination wrench has a one open and one box end, usually of the same size. The open end is more useful when there is limited access to the fastener. Box ends can get a better grip when the flats of the nut are deformed.
Adjustable open wrench
PD Image Adjustable wrench
An adjustable wrench has one fixed jaw, and one that is adjustable by means of a screw adjustment, usually made in one piece with the adjustable jaw. In the U.S., this is often called a Crescent wrench after the first well-known manufacturer, while it is a Bahco wrench in Dutch usage, after the Swedish manufacturer. The obvious advantage of the adjustable wrench is that an entire set of wrenches need not be carried when the size of the fastener to be adjusted is not known. The disadvantage is that the adjustment can slip, and generally cannot apply as much force as a solid wrench.
It should be mentioned, if mostly to condemn the practice, that pliers are sometimes used to adjust nuts. Most types of pliers, however, do not have parallel jaws, but angled ones. These are apt to deform a nut if heavy pressure is applied.
Pipe wrench
Pipe wrenches grasp threaded pipes and turn them, so they do not have flat jaws. One common type has curved jaws, with the wrench designed to slip slightly so it can be repositioned as the pipe moves under it. These were called Stillson wrenches after the inventor; they are sometimes, incorrectly, called monkey wrenches.
Another type does not have jaws, but instead a chain that tensions against the pipe.
Some plumbing fixtures have a nut-like shape molded into the metal, so that a flat-jawed wrench can be used. This is the application intended for the increasingly rare monkey wrench.
Socket wrenches and nutdrivers
Sockets proper are single pieces of cast or machined metal, with one end shaped to slip over the fastener to be manipulated, and the other to receive a driveshaft to turn it. The shaft end may actually have a depression, or even a spring-loaded bearing, to help lock the shaft into place. In combination, the driveshaft and socket are extremely strong in rotation, but should separate easily with linear traction.
Where the English measurement system is used, the shaft diameter is most often 3/8" or 1/4" for general purposes. 1/2", 3/4", and 1" drives are used for heavy equipment. Both metric and English system sockets, however, can snap onto the male end of the shaft.
Adapters are available to convert between shaft sizes. For example, one might have a large nut but only a 1/4" shaft system, so an adapter can allow a 3/8" socket to be used with that shaft.
Basic handle and extension
The most basic driver is a shaft with a handle, much like a screwdriver, but with a socket-mating connector rather than a screwdriver bit. Another very common variant, called an extension, has a male connector that mates with the socket at one end, and a female connector that accepts another socket tool at the other. Multiple extensions can be snapped together for extra length.
Nutdrivers
Nutdrivers are a permanently attached set of socket, driveshaft, and handle. Some nutdrivers have hollow shafts, so bolt length protruding above the nut goes into the hollow and does not interfere with rotation.
Aids to leverage
Most often, however, at the end of the extension away from the socket, a tool to improve the leverage of driving is attached. One such tool is a ratchet, which, at first, looks like an open-ended or box wrench. The male connector, however, is attached to a disk and mechanical components inside the ratchet head. There is a small control that selects the direction (i.e., loosening or tightening) in which the socket is to be moved. Once that control is set, the ratchet moves freely in the other direction, so it can be repositioned easily; it is not necessary to have 360 degree access above the fastener -- just enough working space to move the ratchet handle.
Other ways to improve leverage include various pivoting handles. One type looks like the brace (tool) used to drive hand drills; there is a socket fitting rather than a chuck at the working end. The operator holds a knob, fitted with bearings in which the shaft turns, and cranks a handle.
Another type, called a flex handle, is related to the rachet, but, rather than rotating, the handle pivots 180 degrees so it can be repositioned quickly. A flex handle is simpler, cheaper, and may be able to apply more force than a rachet.
Torque wrenches
A torque wrench is both a fastening tool and a measuring device. It is used where precise measurement of the tightness of a bolt is necessary.
It has been suggested that a quantum mechanical torque wrench can measure either the torque, or find the bolt, but not both.
Spanners (precision)
While a spanner is a general term in British English for "wrench", there is a specialized tool always known as a spanner. It consists of a bar with two or more protruding pins, sometimes adjustable in distance, that fit into corresponding holes in a fastener an allow it to be turned. The bar is connected to a shaft or other mechanism to allow turning, or sometimes the spanner is built not as a bar, but as a pliers-like device with the pins at the work end. Spanners are often used in optical work, on the retaining rings of lens elements.
Power wrenches
Impact wrenches
One of the most common types is a power-operated driver for sockets, the sockets usually made of extra-strong metal. Pneumatically driven impact wrenches are extremely common in the automotive industry; air drive does not generate the sparks that an electric motor could produce, which would be hazardous in the presence of petroleum products.
For other applications, however, electric impact wrenches are increasingly common, especially cordless battery-powered wrenches with great portability. For some heavy applications, the impact energy may be provided by an explosive cartridge.
There are impact wrenches that are hand-powered, but by hitting a specific part with a hammer, allowing great force to be applied.
Power torque wrench
Intended for industrial applications, these are often powered hydraulically, which allows great precision. (Read more...)
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<br />~~~~ . (The date is necessary so that we can determine when the last vote was added.)
- Add your name in the Specialist supporters column only if you are an editor who is an expert about the topic in question. Your vote will be counted as three.
- You may vote for as many articles as you wish, and each vote counts separately, but you can only nominate one at a time; see above. You could, theoretically, vote for every nominated article on the page, but this would be pointless.
Ranking
- The list of articles is sorted by number of votes first, then alphabetically.
- Admins should make sure that the votes are correctly tallied, but anyone may do this. Note that "Specialist Votes" are worth 3 points.
Updating
- Each Thursday, one of the admins listed below should move the winning article to the Current Winner section of this page, announce the winner on Citizendium-L and update the "previous winning drafts" section accordingly.
- The winning article will be the article at the top of the list (ie the one with the most votes).
- In the event of two or more having the same number of votes :
- The article with the most specialist supporters is used. Should this fail to produce a winner, the article appearing first by English alphabetical order is used.
- The remaining winning articles are guaranteed this position in the following weeks, again in alphabetical order. No further voting should take place on these, which remain at the top of the table with notices to that effect. Further nominations and voting take place to determine future winning articles for the following weeks.
- Winning articles may be named New Draft of the Week beyond their last eligible date if their circumstances are so described above.
Administrators
The Administrators of this program are the same as the admins for CZ:Article of the Week.
References
See Also
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