Monkey: Difference between revisions
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'''Monkeys''' are a group of [[Primate|primates]] found in both the [[New world|"New"]] and the [[Old world|"Old" World]]. The term "monkey" is actually a [[Layperson|laypersons]] term for any one of the generally small-bodied and often distantly related primates that do not fall into the classification of [[Prosimian|prosimians]] or the generaly larger bodied [[Ape|apes]] and [[Hominin|humans]]. There are two basic types of monkeys - platyrrhines and catarrhines<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>. [[South America|South American]] monkeys are known as platyrrhines and differ substantially from the catarrhines monkeys, having evolved largely in isolation<ref name="Fleagle"/><ref name="Szalay"/>. | '''Monkeys''' are a group of [[Primate|primates]] found in both the [[New world|"New"]] and the [[Old world|"Old" World]]. The term "monkey" is actually a [[Layperson|laypersons]] term for any one of the generally small-bodied and often distantly related primates that do not fall into the classification of [[Prosimian|prosimians]] or the generaly larger bodied [[Ape|apes]] and [[Hominin|humans]]. There are two basic types of monkeys - platyrrhines and catarrhines<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>. [[South America|South American]] monkeys are known as platyrrhines and differ substantially from the catarrhines monkeys, having evolved largely in isolation<ref name="Fleagle"/><ref name="Szalay"/>. | ||
Revision as of 17:16, 13 November 2007
Monkeys are a group of primates found in both the "New" and the "Old" World. The term "monkey" is actually a laypersons term for any one of the generally small-bodied and often distantly related primates that do not fall into the classification of prosimians or the generaly larger bodied apes and humans. There are two basic types of monkeys - platyrrhines and catarrhines[1][2]. South American monkeys are known as platyrrhines and differ substantially from the catarrhines monkeys, having evolved largely in isolation[1][2].
Platyrrhine monkeys
The name platyrrhine is derived as a descriptive term of the monkeys faces, since South American monkeys have broad, flat noses. All platyrrhine monkeys are small - the largest is only around 10kg[1]. They also exhibit many primitive dental and skeletal features including having three pre-molars in each side of their mandible and maxilla - thus they have a total of twelve premolars [2].
All platyrrhines have a tail of some sort and five genera have prehensile tails[1]. The most well known of the prehensile-tailed monkeys is probably the spider monkey. Interestingly, the spider monkey has no thumb[1].
Catarrhine monkeys
Catarrhines monkeys are "Old World Monkeys" and all fall under the Superfamily Cercopithecidae[2]. They have narrow noses, eight pre-molars and none have prehensile tails[1]. There are two Subfamilies within the Superfamily - Cercopithecinae and Colobinae[2]. There are approximatly sixty species of cercopithicus monkey and about forty species of colobus monkey.