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=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
=== Article of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
'''[[Vasco da Gama]]''' (c. 1469 – 24 December 1524) was a Portuguese navigator who established a sea route from [[Europe]] to [[India]].
[[Image:Augustin-Louis Cauchy 1901.jpg|right|thumb|150px|{{#ifexist:Template:Augustin-Louis Cauchy 1901.jpg/credit|{{Augustin-Louis Cauchy 1901.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Augustin-Louis Cauchy around 1840./  Lithography of Zéphirin Belliard after a painting by Jean Roller.]]
==== Early life ====
[[Image:Statue Vasco da Gama Sines.jpg|right|thumb|220px|Statue of Vasco da Gama in [[Sines]]]]
Few details are known about Vasco da Gama's early life. He was born around 1469 in [[Sines]], a seaport in the southwest coast of Portugal, or in one of the nearby villages (the most likely candidate is Salas, where after his return from his first voyage to India he ordered the construction of a church). He was the second or third child of Estêvão da Gama and Isabel de Sodré. Vasco was named after his paternal grandfather, who served as alcaide (magistrate) of Évora.  


Vasco’s father was a member of the Order of Saint James of the Sword and had a close ties with its master, D. Fernando, Duke of Viseu (a brother of the Portuguese king [[Afonso V of Portugal|Afonso V]]). He participated in the military campaign against the Moroccan town of [[Casablanca]] (1468-69) and served as alcaide-mor (chief magistrate) of Sines and Silves. Vasco’s mother was of English ancestry, the granddaughter of a nobleman named Sudley, who had fought against Castile and settled in Portugal. <font size=1>[[Vasco da Gama|['''more...''']]]</font>
'''[[Augustin-Louis Cauchy]]''' (Paris, August 21, 1789 &ndash; Sceaux, May 23, 1857) was one of the most prominent mathematicians of the first half of the nineteenth century. He was the first to give a rigorous basis to the concept of [[limit (mathematics)|limit]]. His criterion for the convergence of [[sequence]]s defines sequences that are now known as [[Cauchy sequence]]s. This notion has led to the fundamental mathematical concept of a [[completeness (mathematics)|complete space]]. The [[Cauchy condition]] for the convergence of [[series (mathematics)|series]] can be found in any present-day textbook on calculus. Probably Cauchy is most famous for his single-handed development of [[complex function theory]], with Cauchy's [[residue theorem]] as the fundamental result.
 
Cauchy was a prolific writer, he wrote approximately eight hundred research articles and five complete textbooks. He was a devout [[Roman Catholic]], strict ([[Bourbon (house)|Bourbon]]) royalist, and a close associate of the [[Jesuit order]].   <font size=1>[[Augustin-Louis Cauchy|['''more...''']]]</font>





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Augustin-Louis Cauchy around 1840./ Lithography of Zéphirin Belliard after a painting by Jean Roller.

Augustin-Louis Cauchy (Paris, August 21, 1789 – Sceaux, May 23, 1857) was one of the most prominent mathematicians of the first half of the nineteenth century. He was the first to give a rigorous basis to the concept of limit. His criterion for the convergence of sequences defines sequences that are now known as Cauchy sequences. This notion has led to the fundamental mathematical concept of a complete space. The Cauchy condition for the convergence of series can be found in any present-day textbook on calculus. Probably Cauchy is most famous for his single-handed development of complex function theory, with Cauchy's residue theorem as the fundamental result.

Cauchy was a prolific writer, he wrote approximately eight hundred research articles and five complete textbooks. He was a devout Roman Catholic, strict (Bourbon) royalist, and a close associate of the Jesuit order. [more...]


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Sea Glass

Sea glass is formed when broken pieces of glass from bottles, tableware, and other items that have been lost or discarded are worn and rounded by tumbling in the waves along the shore of oceans and large lakes. The most common varieties are green, brown or clear, while other colors, such as orange, red, yellow, cobalt blue, purple, turquoise, and black are much more rare in genuine sea glass. Genuine sea glass often shows signs of "hydration", a process by which the soda and lime in the glass are slowly leached out through constant contact with water, and may be easily distinguished from artificially tumbled glass by a trained eye. Sea glass has become more rare in recent decades as a result of stricter laws against littering, but may still be found along the shores of oceans and lakes world-wide. [more...]