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== Sikh ==
== Sikh ==


A '''Sikh''' is a person belonging to the main ethnic and religious group that originated in the late 15th century in the [[Punjab]] region of the [[Indian subcontinent]].  The Sikh religion is based on the revelation of [[Guru Nanak]].<ref name="Singh2011">{{cite book|author=Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh|title=Sikhism: An Introduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w8yWAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT61|date=22 February 2011|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=978-0-85773-549-2|pages=61–}}</ref> The term ''Sikh'' has its origin in the [[Sanskrit]] word ''{{IAST|[[śiṣya]]}}'', meaning 'seeker',<ref>{{Cite web |title=Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh |url=http://sikhinstitute.org/fundamental_issues/ch3.html |access-date=2023-10-16 |website=sikhinstitute.org |archive-date=20 October 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231020190412/http://sikhinstitute.org/fundamental_issues/ch3.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{gloss|disciple}} or {{gloss|student}}.<ref>{{cite book | last=Singh | first=Khushwant | author-link=Khushwant Singh | year=2006 | title=The Illustrated History of the Sikhs | publisher=Oxford University Press | location=India | isbn = 0-19-567747-1 | page=15}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Nabha|first=Kahan Singh|url=http://www.ik13.com/online_library.htm#mahankosh|title=ਗੁਰ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਰਤਨਾਕਰ ਮਹਾਨ ਕੋਸ਼|year=1930|page=720|language=pa|trans-title=Gur Shabad Ratnakar Mahan Kosh|access-date=29 May 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050318143533/http://www.ik13.com/online_library.htm#mahankosh|archive-date=18 March 2005|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=carolyn |date=2022-03-17 |title=SIKH NATIONALISM: From a Dominant Minority to an Ethno-Religious Diaspora {{!}} By Gurharpal Singh and Giorgio Shani |url=https://pacificaffairs.ubc.ca/book-reviews/sikh-nationalism-from-a-dominant-minority-to-an-ethno-religious-diaspora-by-gurharpal-singh-and-giorgio-shani/ |access-date=2023-01-09 |website=Pacific Affairs (UBC Journal) |language=en-CA}}</ref> According to Article I of Chapter 1 of the [[Sikh Rehat Maryada|Sikh ''Rehat Maryada'']] ({{gloss|code of conduct}}), the definition of Sikh is:<ref>{{cite web |title=Sikh Reht Maryada: Sikh Code of Conduct and Conventions |url=http://www.sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081010042708/http://sgpc.net/rehat_maryada/section_one.html |archive-date=10 October 2008 |access-date=6 November 2008 |website=Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Any human being who faithfully believes in
A '''Sikh''' is a person belonging to the main ethnic and religious group that originated in the late 15th century in the [[Punjab]] region of the [[Indian subcontinent]].  The Sikh religion is based on the revelation of [[Guru Nanak]].<ref name="Singh2011">{{cite book|author=Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh|title=Sikhism: An Introduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w8yWAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT61|date=22 February 2011|publisher=I.B. Tauris|isbn=978-0-85773-549-2|pages=61–}}</ref> The term ''Sikh'' has its origin in a [[Sanskrit]] word meaning "seeker". Any human being who faithfully believes in


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Revision as of 09:53, 6 April 2024

_NOINDEX__

Sikh

A Sikh is a person belonging to the main ethnic and religious group that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent. The Sikh religion is based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.[1] The term Sikh has its origin in a Sanskrit word meaning "seeker". Any human being who faithfully believes in

  1. One Immortal Being
  2. Ten Gurus, from Guru Nanak Sahib to Guru Gobind Singh Sahib
  3. The Guru Granth Sahib
  4. The utterances and teachings of the ten Gurus and
  5. The baptism bequeathed by the tenth Guru and who does not owe allegiance to any other religion, is a Sikh.

Male Sikhs generally have Singh (Template:Gloss) as their last name, though not all Singhs are necessarily Sikhs; likewise, female Sikhs have Kaur (Template:Gloss) as their last name. These unique last names were given by the Gurus to allow Sikhs to stand out and also as an act of defiance to India's caste system, which the Gurus were always against. Sikhs strongly believe in the idea of sarbat da bhala (Template:Gloss) and are often seen on the frontline to provide humanitarian aid across the world.

Sikhs who have undergone the Amrit Sanchar (Template:Gloss), an initiation ceremony, are known as Khalsa from the day of their initiation, and they must at all times have on their bodies the five Ks:

  1. kesh, uncut hair usually kept covered by a dastār, also known as a turban;
  2. kara, an iron or steel bracelet;
  3. kirpan, a dagger-like sword tucked into a gatra strap or a kamar kasa waistband;
  4. kachera, a cotton undergarment; and
  5. kanga, a small wooden comb.
Tarn Taran Sahib – the world's largest sarovar (sacred pool)

The Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent has been the historic homeland of the Sikhs, having even been ruled by the Sikhs for significant parts of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today, Canada has the largest national Sikh proportion (2.1%) in the world,[2] while the Punjab state in India has the largest Sikh proportion (58%) amongst all administrative divisions in the world. Many countries, such as Canada and the United Kingdom, recognize Sikhs as a designated religion on their censuses,[3] and, as of 2020, Sikhs are considered as a separate ethnic group in the United States.[4] The UK also considers Sikhs to be an ethno-religious people, as a direct result of the Mandla v Dowell-Lee case in 1982.[5][6] 



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No  Name  Short  Year  Size1  Population2  Density3  EV's4  Capital  Subdivisions 
1 Alabama AL 1819 - 22nd 50,744 5,024,279 99.0 9 Montgomery 67 counties
2 Alaska AK 1959 - 49th 571,951 733,391 1.3 3 Juneau 16 boroughs[7]
3 Arizona AZ 1912 - 48th 113,635 7,151,502 62.9 11 Phoenix 15 counties
4 Arkansas AR 1836 - 25th 52,068 3,011,524 57.8 6 Little Rock 75 counties
5 California CA 1850 - 31st 155,959 39,538,223 253.5 54 Sacramento 58 counties
6 Colorado CO 1876 - 38th 103,718 5,773,714 55.7 10 Denver 64 counties
7 Connecticut CT 1788 - 5th 4845 3,605,944 744.3 7 Hartford 8 counties[8] and 169 towns
8 Delaware DE 1787 - 1st 1954 989,948 506.6 3 Dover 3 counties
9 Florida FL 1845 - 27th 53,927 21,538,187 399.4 30 Tallahassee 67 counties
10 Georgia GA 1788 - 4th 57,906 10,711,908 185.0 16 Atlanta 159 counties
11 Hawaii HI 1959 - 50th 6423 1,455,271 226.6 4 Honolulu 5 counties[9]
12 Idaho ID 1890 - 43rd 82,747 1,839,106 22.2 4 Boise 44 counties
13 Illinois IL 1818 - 21st 55,584 12,812,508 230.5 19 Springfield 102 counties
14 Indiana IN 1816 - 19th 35,867 6,785,528 189.2 11 Indianapolis 92 counties
15 Iowa IA 1846 - 29th 55,869 3,190,369 57.1 8 Des Moines 99 counties
16 Kansas KS 1861 - 34th 81,815 2,937,880 35.9 6 Topeka 105 counties
17 Kentucky KY 1792 - 15th 39,728 4,505,836 113.4 8 Frankfort 120 counties
18 Louisiana LA 1812 - 18th 43,562 4,657,757 106.9 8 Baton Rouge 64 parishes
19 Maine ME 1820 - 23rd 30,862 1,362,359 44.1 4 Augusta 16 counties
20 Maryland MD 1788 - 7th 9,774 6,177,224 632.0 10 Annapolis 22 counties + Baltimore[10]
21 Massachussetts MA 1788 - 6th 7840 7,029,917 896.7 11 Boston 14 counties, 50 cities, 301 towns[11]
22 Michigan MI 1836 - 25th 56,804 10,077,331 177.4 15 Lansing 83 counties
23 Minnesota MN 1858 - 32nd 79,610 5,706,494 71.7 10 St. Paul 87 counties
24 Mississippi MS 1817 - 20th 46,907 2,961,279 63.1 6 Jackson 82 counties
25 [[Missouri]] MO 1821 - 24th 68,886 6,154,913 89.3 10 Jefferson City 115 counties
26 Montana MT 1889 - 41st 145,552 1,084,225 7.4 4 Helena 56 counties
27 Nebraska NE 1867 - 37th 76,872 1,961,504 25.5 5 Lincoln 93 counties
28 Nevada NV 1864 - 36th 109,826 3,104,614 28.3 6 Carson City 17 counties
29 New Hampshire NH 1788 - 9th 8968 1,377,529 153.6 4 Concord 10 counties
30 New Jersey NJ 1787 - 3rd 7417 9,288,994 1,252.4 14 Trenton 21 counties
31 New Mexico NM 1912 - 47th 121,356 2,117,522 17.4 5 Santa Fe 33 counties
32 New York NY 1788 - 11th 47,214 20,201,249 427.9 28 Albany 62 counties
33 North Carolina NC 1789 - 12th 48,711 10,439,388 214.3 16 Raleigh 100 counties
34 North Dakota ND 1889 - 39th 68,976 779,094 11.3 3 Bismarck 53 counties
35 Ohio OH 1803 - 17th 40,948 11,799,448 288.2 17 Columbus 88 counties
36 Oklahoma OK 1907 - 46th 68,667 3,959,353 57.7 7 Oklahoma City 77 counties
37 Oregon OR 1859 - 33rd 95,997 4,237,256 44.1 8 Salem 36 counties
38 Pennsylvania PA 1787 - 2nd 44,817 13,002,700 290.1 19 Harrisburg 67 counties
39 Rhode Island RI 1790 - 13th 1045 1,097,379 1,050.1 4 Providence 5 counties
40 South Carolina SC 1788 - 8th 30,110 5,118,425 170.0 9 Columbia sub
41 South Dakota SD 1889 - 40th 75,885 886,667 11.7 3 Pierre 66 counties
42 Tennessee TN 1796 - 16th 41,217 6,910,840 167.7 11 Nashville 95 counties
43 Texas TX 1845 - 28th 261,797 29,145,505 111.3 40 Austin 154 counties
44 Utah UT 1896 - 45th 82,144 3,271,616 39.8 6 Salt Lake City 29 counties
45 Vermont VT 1791 - 14th 9250 643,077 69.5 3 Montpelier 14 counties[12]
46 Virginia VA 1788 - 10th 39,594 8,631,393 218.0 13 Richmond 95 counties, 39 independent cities
47 Washington WA 1889 - 42nd 66,544 7,705,281 115.8 12 Olympia 39 counties
48 West Virginia WV 1863 - 35th 24,078 1,793,716 74.5 4 Charleston 55 counties
49 Wisconsin WI 1848 - 30th 54,310 5,893,718 108.5 10 Madison 72 counties
50 Wyoming WY 1890 - 44th 97,100 576,851 5.9 3 Cheyenne 23 counties

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Notes and Refs

  1. ↑ Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh (22 February 2011). Sikhism: An Introduction. I.B. Tauris, 61–. ISBN 978-0-85773-549-2. 
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named canadareligion2021
  3. ↑ ONS (11 December 2012). Religion in England and Wales 2011. UK Statistics Authority.
  4. ↑ Press Trust of India (15 January 2020). Sikhs to be counted as separate ethnic group in 2020 US Census; community hails recognition of distinct language, culture.
  5. ↑ Anti-Discrimination (Amendment) Bill – 11/05/1994 – 2R COMM – NSW Parliament. Parliament.nsw.gov.au (1994-05-11).
  6. ↑ Archived copy.
  7. ↑ Alaska boroughs include Municipality of Anchorage and an Unorganized Borough administered directly by the state.
  8. ↑ Connecticut counties have had no government power since 1960)
  9. ↑ One Hawaii county is administered by the state Dept. of Health
  10. ↑ Baltimore, Maryland is an independent city not in any county.
  11. ↑ Counties in Massachussetts have little government function.
  12. ↑ Vermont counties have limited governmental powers.
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