Prosimian: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Lee R. Berger
No edit summary
mNo edit summary
 
(19 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{subpages}}
Prosimian primates are the most primitive of living primates and share many morphological characteristics with other mammals such as [[Tree shrew|tree shrews]] and [[bats]]<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>.
Prosimian primates are the most primitive of living primates and share many morphological characteristics with other mammals such as [[Tree shrew|tree shrews]] and [[bats]]<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>.
The greatest diversity of prosimian primates is found on the island of [[Madagascar]]<ref name="Madagascar">{{cite web |url=http://news.mongabay.com/2005/0709-wildmadagascar.html|title=Madagascar lemurs descended from single primate ancestor|accessdate=2007-08-10|author=Wild Madagascar|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2005 |format= |work= |publisher=Wildmadagascar.com|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>, but all species of living prosimian species are found only in the Old World.
The greatest diversity of prosimian primates is found on the island of [[Madagascar]]<ref name="Madagascar">{{cite web |url=http://news.mongabay.com/2005/0709-wildmadagascar.html|title=Madagascar lemurs descended from single primate ancestor|accessdate=2007-08-10|author=Wild Madagascar|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2005 |format= |work= |publisher=Wildmadagascar.com|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>, but all species of living prosimians are found only in the Old World.


===Lemurs===
===Lemurs===
Lemurs exist only on the island of Madagascar and the neighbouring islands of the Comoros.  They are among the most primitive of primates.  They have moist noses and reflective eyes.  They range in body size from the 30 gram Pygmy lemur to the 10kg Indri]]<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>.
[[Lemur| Lemurs]] exist only on the island of Madagascar and the neighbouring islands of the Comores.  They are among the most primitive of primates.  They have moist noses and reflective eyes.  They range in body size from the 30 gram Pygmy lemur to the 10kg [[Indri]]<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>. Due to their geographicaly restricted range and destruction of habitat by humans, all lemur species are threatened or endangered<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iucnredlist.org/|title=IUCN redlist|accessdate=2007-08-10|author=IUCN|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2007 |format= |work= |publisher=IUCN|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>.
. Due to their geographicaly restricted range and destruction of habitat by humans, all lemur species are endangered.


===Lorises===  
===Lorises===  
Line 17: Line 17:
===Tarsiers===
===Tarsiers===


Tarsiers are a nocturnal, arboreal primate restricted to several islands in southeast Asia. They are primarily insectiverous and are agile leapers. Unlike most nocturnal primates, they have non-reflective eyes]]<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>.
Tarsiers are a nocturnal, arboreal primate restricted to several islands in southeast Asia. They are primarily insectivorous and are agile leapers. Unlike most nocturnal primates, they have non-reflective eyes]]<ref name="Fleagle">{{cite book|title=Primate Adaptation and Evolution|accessdate=|author=J. Fleagle|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=1998 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press: New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref><ref name="Szalay">{{cite book |title=Evolutionary History of the Primates|accessdate=|author=F. Szalay and E. Delson|authorlink= |coauthors= |date=2001 |format= |work= |publisher=Academic Press, New York|pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= }}</ref>.
 
 
===PRIMATA===
 
====SUBORDER STREPSIRHINI====
 
=====INFRAORDER LEMURIFORMES=====
 
======Superfamily Lemuroidea======
 
======Family Cheirogaleidae======
 
*Fat-tailed Dwarf Lemur '' [[Cheirogaleus medius]] ''
*Southern Dwarf Lemur '' [[Cheirogaleus adipicaudatus]] ''
*Greater Dwarf Lemur '' [[Cheirogaleus major]] ''
*Furry-eared Dwarf Lemur '' [[Cheirogaleus crossleyi]] ''
*Small Iron-gray Dwarf Lemur ''[[Cheirogaleus minusculus]]''
*Large Iron-gray Dwarf Lemur ''[[Cheirogaleus ravus]]''
*Lesser Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus murinus]]''
*Gray-brown Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus griseorufus]]''
*Jolly's Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus jollyae]]''
*Golden-brown Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus ravelobensis]]''
*Simmons' Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus simmonsi]]''
*Sambirano Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus sambiranensis]]''
*Mittermeier's Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus mittermeieri]]''
*Russet Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus rufus]]''
*Berthe's Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus berthae]]''
*Goodman's Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus lehilahytsara]]''
*Northern Rufous Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus tavaratra]]''
*Pygmy Mouse Lemur ''[[Microcebus myoxinus]]''
*Coquerel's Mouse Lemur ''[[Mirza coquereli]]''
*Northern Mouse Lemur ''[[Mirza zaza]]''
*Hairy-eared Dwarf Lemur ''[[Allocebus trichotis]]''
*Fork-crowned Lemur ''[[Phaner furcifer]]''
 
======Family Lemuridae======
 
*Ring-tailed Lemur ''[[Lemur catta]]''
*Black Lemur ''[[Eulemur macaco]]''
*Brown Lemur ''[[Eulemur fulvus]]''
*Mongoose Lemur ''[[Eulemur mongoz]]''
*Crowned Lemur ''[[Eulemur coronatus]]''
*Red-bellied Lemur ''[[Eulemur rubriventer]]''
*Gray Gentle Lemur ''[[Hapalemur griseus]]''
*Golden Gentle Lemur ''[[Hapalemur aureus]]''
*Broad-nosed Gentle Lemur ''[[Hapalemur simus]]''
*Ruffed Lemur ''[[Varecia variegate]]''
 
======Family Megaladapidae======
 
*Weasel Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur mustelinus]]''
*Small-toothed Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur microdon]]''
*White-footed Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur leucopus]]''
*Red-tailed Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur ruficaudatus]]''
*Antafia Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur aeeclis]]''
*Randrianasolo's Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur randrinanasoli]]''
*Milne-Edwards Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur edwardsi]]''
*Gray-backed Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur dorsalis]]''
*Sahamalaza Peninsula Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur sahamalazensis]]''
*Northern Sportive Lemur ''[[Lepilemur septentrionalis]]''
 
======Family Indriidae======
 
*Indri ''[[Indri indri]]''
*Eastern Woolly Lemur ''[[Avahi laniger]]''
*Western Woolly Lemur ''[[Avahi occidentalis]]''
*Cleese's Woolly Lemur ''[[Avahi cleesei]]''
*Unicolor Woolly Lemur ''[[Avahi unicolor]]''
*Diademed Sifaka ''[[Propithecus diadema]]''
*Verreaux's Sifaka ''[[Propithecus verreauxi]]''
 
======Family Daubentoniidae======
 
*Aye-aye ''[[Daubentonia madagascariensis]]''
 
=====Superfamily Lorisoidea=====
 
======Family Loridae======
 
*Calabar Potto ''[[Arctocebus calabarensis]]''
*Golden Potto ''[[Arctocebus aureus]]''
*Potto ''[[Perodicticus potto]]''
*Martin's False Potto ''[[Pseudopotto martini]]''
*Slender Loris ''[[Loris tardigradus]]''
*Slow Loris ''[[Nycticebus coucang]]''
*Lesser Slow Loris ''[[Nycticebus pygmaeus]]''
 
======Family Galagonidae======
 
*Greater Galago ''[[Otolemur crassicaudatus]]''
*Silvery Greater Galago ''[[Otolemur monteiri]]''
*Garnett's Galago ''[[Otolemur garnettii]]''
*Southern Needle-clawed Galago ''[[Euoticus elegantulus]]''
*Northern Needle-clawed Galago ''[[Euoticus pallidus]]''
*Eastern Needle-clawed Galago ''[[Euoticus inustus]]''
*Lesser Galago ''[[Galago senegalensis]]''
*Southern Lesser Galago ''[[Galago moholi]]''
*Allen's Galago ''[[Galago alleni]]''
*Zanzibar Galago ''[[Galago zanzibaricus]]''
*Demidoff's Galago ''[[Galago demidoff]]''
*Thomas's Galago ''[[Galago thomasi]]''
 
====SUBORDER HAPLORRHINI====
 
=====INFRAORDER TARSIIFORMES=====
 
======Family Tarsiidae======
 
*Philippine Tarsier ''[[Tarsius syrichta]]''
*Horsfield's Tarsier ''[[Tarsius bancanus]]''
*Spectral Tarsier ''[[Tarsius spectrum]]''
*Dian's Tarsier ''[[Tarsius dianae]]''
*Lariang Tarsier ''[[Tarsius lariang]]''
*Peleng Island Tarsier ''[[Tarsius pelengensis]]''
*Sangihe Island Tarsier ''[[Tarsius sangirensis]]''
*Pygmy Tarsier ''[[Tarsius pumilus]]''


==References==
==References==


{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]]

Latest revision as of 16:00, 7 October 2024

This article is developing and not approved.
 Main Article
 Discussion
Related Articles  [?]
Bibliography  [?]
External Links  [?]
Citable Version  [?]
 
https://en.citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Prosimian&printable=yes
This editable Main Article is under development and subject to a disclaimer.

Prosimian primates are the most primitive of living primates and share many morphological characteristics with other mammals such as tree shrews and bats[1][2]. The greatest diversity of prosimian primates is found on the island of Madagascar[3], but all species of living prosimians are found only in the Old World.

Lemurs

Lemurs exist only on the island of Madagascar and the neighbouring islands of the Comores. They are among the most primitive of primates. They have moist noses and reflective eyes. They range in body size from the 30 gram Pygmy lemur to the 10kg Indri[1][2]. Due to their geographicaly restricted range and destruction of habitat by humans, all lemur species are threatened or endangered[4].

Lorises

Lorises are arboreal prosimian primates who live in India and southeast Asia. they live in tropical areas, typically high in the canopy and rarely come to the ground]][1][2]. They are known to be very slow moving. Bushbabies are extremely adept leapers.

Galagos

Galagos, also known as bushbabies, are small, arboreal nocturnal primates with large eyes. They are native to Africa]][1][2].


Tarsiers

Tarsiers are a nocturnal, arboreal primate restricted to several islands in southeast Asia. They are primarily insectivorous and are agile leapers. Unlike most nocturnal primates, they have non-reflective eyes]][1][2].

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 J. Fleagle (1998). Primate Adaptation and Evolution. Academic Press: New York. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 F. Szalay and E. Delson (2001). Evolutionary History of the Primates. Academic Press, New York. 
  3. ↑ Wild Madagascar (2005). Madagascar lemurs descended from single primate ancestor. Wildmadagascar.com. Retrieved on 2007-08-10.
  4. ↑ IUCN (2007). IUCN redlist. IUCN. Retrieved on 2007-08-10.
Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=Prosimian&oldid=985887"