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|[[Image:Writeathon.png|left|54px]]<center><BIG>'''The global [[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]] is on!</BIG><br />''Join us today, Wednesday, September 3rd!'''''</center><br />
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<br>You're invited to start a new article when it's Wednesday in your part of the world, and edit somebody else's new article. It's a '''[[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]]'''!  It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger!
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<br>This month's theme is:  '''My Favourite Band'''!
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<br>'''Are you new?''' This is a good day to get a [[CZ:Quick Start|Quick Start]]!
|style="background-color:#e8edd6;"|'''<span>New Blog Post</span>'''
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|'''<big>[https://driftingharbor.wordpress.com/2024/07/13/why-is-citizendium-deleting-articles/ Why is Citizendium deleting articles?]</big>'''<br/>
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Welcome to '''Citizendium''', a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their '''real names'''. We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject.  Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive. Read more about <big>'''[[CZ:About|who we are]]'''</big>.
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<big><center>'''The July [[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]] is Wednesday!<br />Our theme is [[Biography|Biographies]].''' </center></BIG><br />
[[Image:Writeathon.png|left]] On Wednesday, July 2nd we're inviting all Citizens to come to the wiki, start a new article, and edit somebody else's new article.  It's a '''[[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]]'''! It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger! '''Are you new?'''  That's a good day to get a [[CZ:Quick Start|Quick Start]]!
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=== The Geogra-Thon has begun!  Join us! ===
[[Image:Writeathon.png|left]] On Tuesday, November 27 we're inviting all Citizens to come to the wiki, start a new article, and edit somebody else's new article.  It's a '''[[CZ:Geography Workgroup/Gazetteer/Geogra-thon|Geography Write-a-Thon]]'''!  It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger!
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=== A new wiki encyclopedia project&mdash;and more! ===
<blockquote>
* We aim at reliability and quality, not just quantity.
 
* We welcome [[CZ:Group Editing|collaboration]] with everyone who has knowledge, broad or narrow, about any of the world's innumerable subjects.
 
* We write under our real names—and are both collegial and congenial.
 
* We now have [[:Category:CZ Live|{{Articles_number}}+ articles]] and are gathering speed.
 
* [[CZ:Eduzendium|Eduzendium]] participants write for academic credit.
 
 
 
 
 
 
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=== Write for the ''Citizendium''—knowledge is fun!===
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&nbsp;
[[Image:Water drop crop.jpg|center|thumb|300px|{{#ifexist:Template:Water drop crop.jpg/credit|{{Water drop crop.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Each sentence you add is another drop in an expanding sea of words.]]


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=== Some of our finest <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Approval Process|about]] ] </font> ===
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:* [[:Category:Approved Articles|Approved Articles]]
:* [[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed Articles]] <font size=1>(over 800)</font>
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|<div style="background-color:lightyellow; color:darkblue; font-size:90%"><center>'''"Share your knowledge. It's a way to achieve immortality."'''</center><br><center>&mdash;''''' Life's Little Instruction Book''''' by Jackson Brown and<br />H. Jackson Brown, Jr.</center></div>
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<!-- The above quote appears to often (falsely) be attributed to Dalai Lama. See http://www.snopes.com/inboxer/hoaxes/dalai.asp -->


=== Article of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
'''[[Lead]]''' is a [[chemical element]]. It is a [[heavy metal]], and is abundant in nature.  Lead has the symbol Pb (from the Latin Plumbum).  It's [[atomic number]] is 82. Lead is a very corrosion-resistant, dense, ductile, and malleable blue-gray metal that has been used for at least 5,000 years.


Early uses of lead included building materials, [[pigments]] for [[glazing]] [[ceramics]], and [[pipe]]s for transporting water.  Prior to the early [[1900's]], uses of lead in the [[United States]] were primarily for [[ammunition]], [[brass]], burial vault liners, ceramic glazes, [[leaded glass]] and [[crystal]], [[paint]]s or other protective coatings, [[pewter]], and water lines and pipes. The advent of the [[electricity|electrical age]] and [[Communications Age|communications]], which were accelerated by technological developments in [[World War I]], resulted in the addition of [[bearing metals]], cable covering, [[caulking]] lead, [[solder]]s, and type metal to the list of lead uses.  With the growth in production of [[Automobile|public and private motorized vehicles]] and the associated use of starting-lighting-ignition (SLI) [[lead-acid storage batteries]] and [[terne metal]] for gas tanks after World War I, demand for lead increased.  Later, [[radiation shielding]] in [[Radiography|medical analysis]] and [[Television|video display equipment]] and as an [[Tetraethyl Lead|additive in gasoline]] also increased usage.
<font size=1>[[Lead|['''more...''']]]</font>




=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
|rowspan=2 style="width:50%; border:1px solid #e9e9e9; border-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.05); margin:0; padding:0; background:#fafafa; background:rgba(255,255,255,0.6); vertical-align:top; -moz-border-radius:0 10px 10px;  -webkit-border-radius:10px;  -webkit-border-top-left-radius:0; -moz-background-clip:padding; -webkit-background-clip:padding;"|
Although bound up with the tradition of the ‘special library’, [[Information Management|information management]] differs from such earlier concepts in its focus on all kinds of information and a concern for the relationship between information provision and organizational performance. In many special libraries there had long been responsibility for managing internal documentation of various kinds, especially research reports. The history of this development is usefully explored by Black, Muddiman and Plant [1] who note the emergence of information management concepts following the end of the First World War, with the formal organization of ‘information bureaux’ in the establishment of ASLIB (the Association of Special Libraries and Information Bureaux) in the UK in 1924. Some techniques, however, were even older, witness Kaiser’s work on indexing [2][3]. Indeed, we can date many of the ideas of what is now called ‘information management’ (although ‘documentation’ is used as a near equivalent in much of Europe) to the founding by Otlet and La Fontaine of the International Institute of Bibliography in 1895
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<font size=1>[[Information Management|['''more...''']]]</font>
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<h4 style="margin:0 0 0.75em; padding:0;"> '''Article counts''' </h4>
<p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:20px;">
[[:Category:Citable versions of articles|Citable]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Citable versions of articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developed Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developing Articles|Developing]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developing Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Stub Articles|Stubs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Stub Articles}}''')</font><br />
<small>([[:Category:CZ Live|{{PAGESINCAT:CZ Live}} total]])</small>
</p>
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ONGOING CLEANUP:<br>
<p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:2px;">
[[:Category:External_Articles|Ext]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:External_Articles}}''')</font>&nbsp;|&nbsp;
[[:Category:Pages with reference errors|Refs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Pages with reference errors}}''')</font><br>
[[:Category:Lemma Article|Definition only]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Lemma Article}}''')</font><br />
</p>
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{{CZ:Quote}}
{{-}}
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|valign=top style="padding:0 1em 0.5em;" colspan=2|
----<h3 style="margin-top:0; padding-top:0.6em; border-top:1px dotted #e0e0e0;">
<big>[[CZ:Featured article|Featured Article]]: ''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}]]''</big>
</h3>
{{CZ:Featured article/Current}}
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<div style='text-align: right;'><small>''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}|Continued]]...''</small></div>

Latest revision as of 14:54, 4 September 2024

New Blog Post
Why is Citizendium deleting articles?


Help Write Articles about our World

Welcome to Citizendium, a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real names. We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject. Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive. Read more about who we are.


See Recent Changes—an overview of articles being worked on now.

Become a member--it's free!

Agriculture Earth Sciences Journalism Physics
Anthropology Economics Law Politics
Archaeology Education Library & Info. Sci. Psychology
Architecture Engineering Linguistics Religion
Astronomy Food Science Literature Robotics
Biology Games Mathematics Sociology
Business Geography Media Sports
Chemistry Health Sciences Military Theater
Classics History Music Topic Informant
Computers Hobbies Philosophy Visual Arts


Please help today!
Please make your donations here.
Donations go to keep our servers running. See our financial report.





















Article counts

Citable (145)
Developed (1,128)
Developing (7,442)
Stubs (7,705)
(16,543 total)


ONGOING CLEANUP:

Ext (269) |  Refs (138)
Definition only (3,909)

I was brought up to believe that the only thing worth doing was to add to the sum of accurate information in the world.
— Margaret Mead (1901 - 1978)
       —add a quotation about knowledge or writing


Featured Article: Nuclear power reconsidered

After decades of failure to slow the rising global consumption of coal, oil and gas,[1] many countries have concluded that the world needs to reconsider nuclear power in order to lower the demand for fossil fuels.[2] Wind and solar power alone, without large-scale storage for these intermittent sources, are unlikely to meet the world's needs for reliable energy.[3][4][5] See Figures 1 and 2 on the magnitude of the world energy challenge.

Nuclear power plants that use nuclear reactors to create electricity could provide the abundant, zero-carbon, dispatchable[6] energy needed for a low-carbon future, but not by simply building more of what we already have. New innovative designs for nuclear reactors are needed to avoid the problems of the past.

(CC) Image: Geoff Russell
Fig.1 Electricity consumption may soon double, mostly from coal-fired power plants in the developing world.[7]

Issues Confronting the Nuclear Industry

New reactor designers have sought to address issues that have prevented the acceptance of nuclear power, including safety, waste management, weapons proliferation, and cost. This article will summarize the questions that have been raised and the criteria that have been established for evaluating these designs. Answers to these questions will be provided by the designers of these reactors in the articles on their designs. Further debate will be provided in the Discussion and the Debate Guide pages of those articles.

Footnotes

  1. Global Energy Growth by Our World In Data
  2. Public figures who have reconsidered their stance on nuclear power are listed on the External Links tab of this article.
  3. Pumped storage is currently the most economical way to store electricity, but it requires a large reservoir on a nearby hill or in an abandoned mine. Li-ion battery systems at $500 per KWh are not practical for utility-scale storage. See Energy Storage for a summary of other alternatives.
  4. Utilities that include wind and solar power in their grid must have non-intermittent generating capacity (typically fossil fuels) to handle maximum demand for several days. They can save on fuel, but the cost of the plant is the same with or without intermittent sources.
  5. Mark Jacobson believes that long-distance transmission lines can provide an alternative to costly storage. See the bibliography for more on this proposal and the critique by Christopher Clack.
  6. "Load following" is the term used by utilities, and is important when there is a lot of wind and solar on the grid. Some reactors are not able to do this.
  7. Fig.1.3 in Devanney "Why Nuclear Power has been a Flop"