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|[[Image:Writeathon.png|left|54px]]<center><BIG>'''The global [[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]] is on!</BIG><br />''Join us on Wednesday, January 6th!'''''</center><br />
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<br>You're invited to start a new article when it's Wednesday in your part of the world, and edit somebody else's new article. It's a '''[[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]]'''!  It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger!
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<br>This month's theme is: '''Controversies'''!
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<br>'''Are you new?'''  This is a good day to get a [[CZ:Quick Start|Quick Start]]!
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=== '''Help Write Articles about our World''' ===
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Welcome to '''Citizendium''', a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their '''real names'''.  We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject.  Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive.  Read more about <big>'''[[CZ:About|who we are]]'''</big>.


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=== The Geogra-Thon has begun!  Join us! ===
[[Image:Writeathon.png|left]] On Tuesday, November 27 we're inviting all Citizens to come to the wiki, start a new article, and edit somebody else's new article.  It's a '''[[CZ:Geography Workgroup/Gazetteer/Geogra-thon|Geography Write-a-Thon]]'''!  It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger!
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=== '''A new wiki encyclopedia project&mdash;and more!''' ===
<blockquote>
* We aim at '''reliability''' and '''quality''', not just quantity.
 
* We welcome [[CZ:Group Editing|collaboration]] with everyone who has knowledge, broad or narrow, about any of the world's innumerable subjects.
 
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* We now have [[:Category:CZ Live|{{Articles_number}}+ articles]] and are gathering speed.
 
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* See what [http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v443/n7111/full/443493a.html ''Nature'' wrote about us].
 
 
 
 
 
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{{Image|Water drop crop.jpg|center|300px|Each sentence you add is another drop in an expanding sea of words.}}


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<center>'''"Share your knowledge. It's a way to achieve immortality."'''</center>
<center>&mdash;Jackson Brown and H. Jackson Brown, Jr., ''Life's Little Instruction Book''</center>


<center>'''"Trust yourself. You know more than you think you do."'''</center>
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=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
[[Image:Waveform_I_went_to_the_store_yesterday.jpg|thumb|Waveform of "I went to the store yesterday."]] [[Image:Spectrogram_I_went_to_the_store_yesterday.jpg|thumb|Spectrogram of "I went to the store yesterday."]]
'''[[Speech Recognition]]''' is one of the main elements of [[natural language]] processing, or [[computer]] speech technology.  Speech is derived from sounds created by the [[human]] [[articulatory phonetics|articulatory]] organs, such as the [[vocal cords]] and the [[tongue]]. Through variable exposure to speech during infancy, a child is able to understand similar-sounding utterances from different people, perhaps due to the phonetic regularities in the [[syllable]]s they hear.  The mental capabilities of the [[brain]] helps humans achieve this remarkable capability.  So far, we have only been able to reproduce this in computers on a limited basis.


The Challenge of Speech Recognition: [[Writing system]]s are ancient, going back as far as the [[Sumerians]] of 6,000 years ago.  The [[phonograph]], which allowed the analog recording and playback of speech, dates to 1877.  Speech recognition had to await the development of computer, however, due to multifarious problems with the recognition of speech.


<font size=1>[[Speech Recognition|['''more...''']]]</font>


=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
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'''[[Dien Bien Phu]]''' is a valley and small town in North Vietnam, 260 miles northwest of [[Hanoi]] and the place of the decisive 1954 battle that soon forced  [[France]] to relinquish control of colonial Indochina. In military shorthand, Dien Bien Phu has also become a synonym for an extremely unwise decision: the attempt to hold a seemingly strong defensive position, against which the enemy, cooperating with the defender's plans, will then destroy himself against the impregnable fortifications.<font size=1>[[Dien Bien Phu|['''more...''']]]</font>
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<h4 style="margin:0 0 0.75em; padding:0;"> '''Article counts''' </h4>
<p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:20px;">
[[:Category:Citable versions of articles|Citable]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Citable versions of articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developed Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developing Articles|Developing]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developing Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Stub Articles|Stubs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Stub Articles}}''')</font><br />
<small>([[:Category:CZ Live|{{PAGESINCAT:CZ Live}} total]])</small>
</p>
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ONGOING CLEANUP:<br>
<p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:2px;">
[[:Category:External_Articles|Ext]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:External_Articles}}''')</font>&nbsp;|&nbsp;
[[:Category:Pages with reference errors|Refs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Pages with reference errors}}''')</font><br>
[[:Category:Lemma Article|Definition only]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Lemma Article}}''')</font><br />
</p>
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{{CZ:Quote}}
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----<h3 style="margin-top:0; padding-top:0.6em; border-top:1px dotted #e0e0e0;">
<big>[[CZ:Featured article|Featured Article]]: ''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}]]''</big>
</h3>
{{CZ:Featured article/Current}}
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<div style='text-align: right;'><small>''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}|Continued]]...''</small></div>

Latest revision as of 14:54, 4 September 2024

New Blog Post
Why is Citizendium deleting articles?


Help Write Articles about our World

Welcome to Citizendium, a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real names. We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject. Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive. Read more about who we are.


See Recent Changes—an overview of articles being worked on now.

Become a member--it's free!

Agriculture Earth Sciences Journalism Physics
Anthropology Economics Law Politics
Archaeology Education Library & Info. Sci. Psychology
Architecture Engineering Linguistics Religion
Astronomy Food Science Literature Robotics
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Chemistry Health Sciences Military Theater
Classics History Music Topic Informant
Computers Hobbies Philosophy Visual Arts


Please help today!
Please make your donations here.
Donations go to keep our servers running. See our financial report.





















Article counts

Citable (145)
Developed (1,128)
Developing (7,442)
Stubs (7,705)
(16,543 total)


ONGOING CLEANUP:

Ext (269) |  Refs (138)
Definition only (3,909)

All good writing is swimming under water and holding your breath.
— F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940), U.S. author. Letter (undated) to his daughter Frances Scott Fitzgerald. The Crack-Up, ed. Edmund Wilson (1945). Source.
       —add a quotation about knowledge or writing


Featured Article: Nuclear power reconsidered

After decades of failure to slow the rising global consumption of coal, oil and gas,[1] many countries have concluded that the world needs to reconsider nuclear power in order to lower the demand for fossil fuels.[2] Wind and solar power alone, without large-scale storage for these intermittent sources, are unlikely to meet the world's needs for reliable energy.[3][4][5] See Figures 1 and 2 on the magnitude of the world energy challenge.

Nuclear power plants that use nuclear reactors to create electricity could provide the abundant, zero-carbon, dispatchable[6] energy needed for a low-carbon future, but not by simply building more of what we already have. New innovative designs for nuclear reactors are needed to avoid the problems of the past.

(CC) Image: Geoff Russell
Fig.1 Electricity consumption may soon double, mostly from coal-fired power plants in the developing world.[7]

Issues Confronting the Nuclear Industry

New reactor designers have sought to address issues that have prevented the acceptance of nuclear power, including safety, waste management, weapons proliferation, and cost. This article will summarize the questions that have been raised and the criteria that have been established for evaluating these designs. Answers to these questions will be provided by the designers of these reactors in the articles on their designs. Further debate will be provided in the Discussion and the Debate Guide pages of those articles.

Footnotes

  1. Global Energy Growth by Our World In Data
  2. Public figures who have reconsidered their stance on nuclear power are listed on the External Links tab of this article.
  3. Pumped storage is currently the most economical way to store electricity, but it requires a large reservoir on a nearby hill or in an abandoned mine. Li-ion battery systems at $500 per KWh are not practical for utility-scale storage. See Energy Storage for a summary of other alternatives.
  4. Utilities that include wind and solar power in their grid must have non-intermittent generating capacity (typically fossil fuels) to handle maximum demand for several days. They can save on fuel, but the cost of the plant is the same with or without intermittent sources.
  5. Mark Jacobson believes that long-distance transmission lines can provide an alternative to costly storage. See the bibliography for more on this proposal and the critique by Christopher Clack.
  6. "Load following" is the term used by utilities, and is important when there is a lot of wind and solar on the grid. Some reactors are not able to do this.
  7. Fig.1.3 in Devanney "Why Nuclear Power has been a Flop"