Ayman al-Zawahiri: Difference between revisions
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'''Ayman al-Zawahiri''' (1951-2022), a physician of Egyptian origin, was the deputy leader [[al-Qaeda]], until the death of its founder, [[Osama bin Laden]], in 2011.<ref name=nytimes2001-09-24/><ref name=RewardsForJusticeZawahiri/><ref name=UNSanctions/><ref name=IdeologueOfModernIslamic/> Al-Zawahiri assumed leadership himself, until his own death, in 2022. | |||
'''Ayman al-Zawahiri''' (1951-2022), a physician of Egyptian origin, was the deputy leader [[al-Qaeda]], until the death of its founder, [[Osama bin Laden]], in 2011.<ref name=nytimes2001-09-24/><ref name=RewardsForJusticeZawahiri/><ref name=UNSanctions/><ref name=IdeologueOfModernIslamic/> Al-Zawahiri assumed leadership himself, until his own death, in 2022.<ref name=nytimes2011-07-29/> | |||
Born into a wealthy medical family, he trained as a pediatrician at [[al-Azhar University]].<ref name=nytimes2001-09-24/> | Born into a wealthy medical family, he trained as a pediatrician at [[al-Azhar University]].<ref name=nytimes2001-09-24/> | ||
In 2001, he produced “Knights under the Prophet’s Banner,” extolling al-Qa’ida’s strategy, | In 2001, he produced “Knights under the Prophet’s Banner,” extolling al-Qa’ida’s strategy, | ||
which derives from a number of | which derives from a number of Salafist writers, and (most notably those of Sayyid Qutb) gives his framework of his interpretation of jihad. <ref name=Drinkwine>{{citation | ||
| title = The Serpent in Our Garden: Al-Qa'ida and the Long War | | title = The Serpent in Our Garden: Al-Qa'ida and the Long War | ||
| author = | | author = Brian Drinkwine | ||
| journal = Carlisle Papers, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College | | journal = Carlisle Papers, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College | ||
| date = January 26, 2009}}, p. 7</ref> He is a believer in the theological doctrine of | | date = January 26, 2009}}, p. 7</ref> He is a believer in the theological doctrine of al-wala’ wa’l-bara’, rejecting any alliance with other than strict Muslims,<ref name=Wagemakers2008>{{citation | ||
| title = Framing the "threat to Islam": al-wala' wa al-bara' in Salafi discourse | | title = Framing the "threat to Islam": al-wala' wa al-bara' in Salafi discourse | ||
| journal = Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ) | date = Fall, 2008 | author = Joas Wagemakers | | journal = Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ) | date = Fall, 2008 | author = Joas Wagemakers | ||
| url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2501/is_4_30/ai_n31560557/pg_6/}}</ref> and | | url = http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2501/is_4_30/ai_n31560557/pg_6/}}</ref> and takfir, the destruction of infidels and apostates. | ||
Al-Zawhiri met [[Osama bin Laden]] through | Al-Zawhiri met [[Osama bin Laden]] through Abdullah Azzam, in Pakistan. | ||
Al Zawahiri was killed by a missile fired from an American unmanned aerial vehicle, on July | Al Zawahiri was killed by a missile fired from an American unmanned aerial vehicle, on July | ||
2022.<ref name="nyt-live-22"> | 2022.<ref name=nytimes2022-08-01/><ref name="nyt-live-22"> | ||
{{Cite news |last1=Cooper |first1=Helene |last2=Barnes |first2=Julian E. |last3=Schmitt |first3=Eric |date=August 1, 2022 |title=Live Updates: U.S. Drone Strike Said to Have Killed Top Qaeda Leader |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/01/us/al-qaeda-strike-us |url-status=live |access-date=August 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801225533/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/01/us/al-qaeda-strike-us |archive-date=August 1, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}} | {{Cite news |last1=Cooper |first1=Helene |last2=Barnes |first2=Julian E. |last3=Schmitt |first3=Eric |date=August 1, 2022 |title=Live Updates: U.S. Drone Strike Said to Have Killed Top Qaeda Leader |language=en-US |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/01/us/al-qaeda-strike-us |url-status=live |access-date=August 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801225533/https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/01/us/al-qaeda-strike-us |archive-date=August 1, 2022 |issn=0362-4331}} | ||
</ref><ref name="Ward"> | </ref><ref name="Ward"> | ||
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</ref><ref> | </ref><ref> | ||
{{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/cia-drone-strike-kills-al-qaida-leader-ayman-al-zawahri-in-afghanistan|title=CIA drone strike kills al-Qaida leader Ayman al-Zawahri in Afghanistan|agency=Associated Press|first1=Matthew|last1=Lee|first2=Nomaan|last2=Merchant|first3=Mike|last3=Balsamo|date=August 1, 2022|access-date=August 3, 2022|archive-date=August 1, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801232947/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/cia-drone-strike-kills-al-qaida-leader-ayman-al-zawahri-in-afghanistan|url-status=live}}</ref> | {{cite news|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/cia-drone-strike-kills-al-qaida-leader-ayman-al-zawahri-in-afghanistan|title=CIA drone strike kills al-Qaida leader Ayman al-Zawahri in Afghanistan|agency=Associated Press|first1=Matthew|last1=Lee|first2=Nomaan|last2=Merchant|first3=Mike|last3=Balsamo|date=August 1, 2022|access-date=August 3, 2022|archive-date=August 1, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220801232947/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/cia-drone-strike-kills-al-qaida-leader-ayman-al-zawahri-in-afghanistan|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{ | {{Reflist|refs= | ||
<ref name=nytimes2022-08-01> | |||
{{cite news | |||
| url = https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/08/01/us/al-qaeda-leader-killed?searchResultPosition=2#loss-of-zawahri-is-likely-to-have-little-impact-on-day-to-day-operations-experts-said | |||
| title = Al-Qaeda Drone Strike Afghanistan: U.S. Drone Strike in Kabul Kills Top Qaeda Leader, Ayman al-Zawahri | |||
| work = [[New York Times]] | |||
| author = | |||
| date = 2022-08-01 | |||
| page = | |||
| location = [[Washington DC]] | |||
| archiveurl = | |||
| archivedate = | |||
| accessdate = 2024-02-14 | |||
| url-status = live | |||
| quote = | |||
}} | |||
</ref> | |||
<ref name=nytimes2011-07-29> | |||
{{cite news | |||
| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/29/world/asia/29zawahri.html | |||
| title = Zawahri, Al-Qaeda’s New Leader, Praises Syrian Protesters | |||
| work = [[New York Times]] | |||
| author = J. David Goodman | |||
| date = 2011-07-29 | |||
| page = A6 | |||
| archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20230312041209/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/29/world/asia/29zawahri.html | |||
| archivedate = 2023-03-12 | |||
| accessdate = 2024-02-14 | |||
| url-status = live | |||
| quote = In what appeared to be his first video message since succeeding Osama bin Laden as the leader of Al-Qaeda, Ayman al-Zawahri expressed strong support for antigovernment protesters in Syria, claiming that their movement to topple the country’s authoritarian leader was rooted in a wider regional conflict with the United States and Israel. | |||
}} | |||
</ref> | |||
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<ref name=IdeologueOfModernIslamic> | <ref name=IdeologueOfModernIslamic> | ||
{{cite web | {{cite web | ||
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[[Category:Reviewed Passed if Improved]][[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] | |||
Latest revision as of 06:01, 15 July 2024
Ayman al-Zawahiri (1951-2022), a physician of Egyptian origin, was the deputy leader al-Qaeda, until the death of its founder, Osama bin Laden, in 2011.[1][2][3][4] Al-Zawahiri assumed leadership himself, until his own death, in 2022.[5]
Born into a wealthy medical family, he trained as a pediatrician at al-Azhar University.[1]
In 2001, he produced “Knights under the Prophet’s Banner,” extolling al-Qa’ida’s strategy, which derives from a number of Salafist writers, and (most notably those of Sayyid Qutb) gives his framework of his interpretation of jihad. [6] He is a believer in the theological doctrine of al-wala’ wa’l-bara’, rejecting any alliance with other than strict Muslims,[7] and takfir, the destruction of infidels and apostates.
Al-Zawhiri met Osama bin Laden through Abdullah Azzam, in Pakistan.
Al Zawahiri was killed by a missile fired from an American unmanned aerial vehicle, on July 2022.[8][9][10][11]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Douglas Jehl. A Nation Challenged: Heir Apparent; Egyptian Seen As Top Aide And Successor To bin Laden, The New York Times, 2001-09-24.
- ↑ Ayman al-Zawahiri – Rewards For Justice.
- ↑ Security Council Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee Amends One Entry on Its Sanctions List. United Nations.
- ↑ Youssef H. Aboul-Enein (March 2004). Ayman Al-Zawahiri: The Ideologue of Modern Islamic Militancy. Air University – Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama.
- ↑ J. David Goodman. Zawahri, Al-Qaeda’s New Leader, Praises Syrian Protesters, New York Times, 2011-07-29, p. A6. Retrieved on 2024-02-14. “In what appeared to be his first video message since succeeding Osama bin Laden as the leader of Al-Qaeda, Ayman al-Zawahri expressed strong support for antigovernment protesters in Syria, claiming that their movement to topple the country’s authoritarian leader was rooted in a wider regional conflict with the United States and Israel.”
- ↑ Brian Drinkwine (January 26, 2009), "The Serpent in Our Garden: Al-Qa'ida and the Long War", Carlisle Papers, Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, p. 7
- ↑ Joas Wagemakers (Fall, 2008), "Framing the "threat to Islam": al-wala' wa al-bara' in Salafi discourse", Arab Studies Quarterly (ASQ)
- ↑ Al-Qaeda Drone Strike Afghanistan: U.S. Drone Strike in Kabul Kills Top Qaeda Leader, Ayman al-Zawahri, New York Times, 2022-08-01. Retrieved on 2024-02-14.
- ↑ Live Updates: U.S. Drone Strike Said to Have Killed Top Qaeda Leader, The New York Times, August 1, 2022. (in en-US)
- ↑ U.S. kills Al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahri in drone strike (en) (August 1, 2022).
- ↑ CIA drone strike kills al-Qaida leader Ayman al-Zawahri in Afghanistan, August 1, 2022.