Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor: Difference between revisions
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'''Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors''', also called '''statins''', are "compounds that inhibit HMG-CoA reductases. They have been shown to directly lower [[cholesterol]] synthesis.<ref name="MeSH-statin">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2008/MB_cgi?term=+Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA+Reductase+Inhibitors |title=Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors |accessdate=2008-01-18 |author=Anonymous |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |format= |work= |publisher=National Library of Medicine |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote=}}</ref> | '''Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors''', also called '''statins''', are "compounds that inhibit HMG-CoA reductases, which reduce the chemical [[3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA]]. They have been shown to directly lower [[cholesterol]] synthesis.<ref name="MeSH-statin">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2008/MB_cgi?term=+Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA+Reductase+Inhibitors |title=Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors |accessdate=2008-01-18 |author=Anonymous |authorlink= |coauthors= |date= |format= |work= |publisher=National Library of Medicine |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote=}}</ref> | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Revision as of 15:40, 28 January 2008
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, also called statins, are "compounds that inhibit HMG-CoA reductases, which reduce the chemical 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA. They have been shown to directly lower cholesterol synthesis.[1]
Classification
The following classification has been proposed based on molecular structure:[2][3]
Type 1
Type 1 statins (e.g., mevastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin) bind to HMG-CoA reductase using a decalin ring.
Type 2
Type 2 statins (e.g., fluvastatin, cerivastatin, atorvastatin, and rosuvastatin) bind to HMG-CoA reductase using a fluorophenyl group.
Effectiveness
Statin therapy benefits about 1 of every 24 diabetic patients who use the treatment for 5 years if they are similar to the patients in the meta-analysis by Kearney et al (Number needed to treat is 24).[4]
References
- ↑ Anonymous. Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved on 2008-01-18.
- ↑ Istvan ES, Deisenhofer J (2001). "Structural mechanism for statin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase". Science 292 (5519): 1160–4. DOI:10.1126/science.1059344. PMID 11349148. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Istvan E (2003). "Statin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase: a 3-dimensional view". Atheroscler Suppl 4 (1): 3–8. PMID 12714031. [e]
- ↑ Kearney PM, Blackwell L, Collins R, et al (2008). "Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis". Lancet 371 (9607): 117–25. DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60104-X. PMID 18191683. Research Blogging.