Cost of nuclear power: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
m (→Cost of new designs: source for ThorCon costs) |
(→Hydrogen:: add data on costs) |
||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
Li-ion:<br> | Li-ion:<br> | ||
===Hydrogen:=== | ===Hydrogen:=== | ||
Worldwide hydrogen production stood at 90 Mt in 2020, but since it was produced almost exclusively from fossil fuels, the result was close to 900 Mt of CO2 emissions.<ref>See the section "Hydrogen supplies are becoming cleaner … too slowly" in the [https://www.iea.org/reports/global-hydrogen-review-2021/executive-summary IEA Global Hydrogen Review 2021].</ref><br> | |||
"Green" hydrogen (no CO2) can be produced from water using electrolysis, but the cost is much higher.<ref>Depending on regional gas prices, the levelized cost of hydrogen production from natural gas ranges from $0.50 to $1.70 per kg. See the section "Low-carbon hydrogen can become competitive within the next decade" in the [https://www.iea.org/reports/global-hydrogen-review-2021/executive-summary IEA Global Hydrogen Review 2021].</ref> | |||
$2 per kg promised by mid 2020s<ref>[https://www.pv-magazine-australia.com/2022/08/02/game-changing-electrolysis-technology-from-nsw-closes-42m-funding-round-oversubscribed/ Australian company Hysata, PV Magazine, Aug 2022.]</ref><br> | $2 per kg promised by mid 2020s<ref>[https://www.pv-magazine-australia.com/2022/08/02/game-changing-electrolysis-technology-from-nsw-closes-42m-funding-round-oversubscribed/ Australian company Hysata, PV Magazine, Aug 2022.]</ref><br> | ||
$1 per kg ten-year goal set by DOE<ref>[https://www.energy.gov/eere/articles/five-things-you-might-not-know-about-hydrogen-shot | $1 per kg ten-year goal set by DOE<ref>[https://www.energy.gov/eere/articles/five-things-you-might-not-know-about-hydrogen-shot Department of Energy's "Hydrogen Shot"]</ref><br> | ||
$0.12 per kWh electrical energy storage cost, assuming $2 per kg of H2, and 50% overall efficiency<br> | $0.12 per kWh electrical energy storage cost, assuming $2 per kg of H2, and 50% overall efficiency.<ref>[[Energy_storage|Energy density of H2]] is 33 kWh/kg. ($2/kg / 33 kWh/kg / 50%) = $0.12/kWh.</ref><br> | ||
== Notes and References == | == Notes and References == | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
Revision as of 10:30, 22 August 2022
Historical Costs
see Fig.1
Cost of new designs
ThorCon MSR:
$1200 per kW + $0.03 per kWh [2]
Cost of alternatives
Rooftop Solar (no batteries):
$2,900 per kW (nameplate), $11,600 per kW avg (25% Capacity Factor)
Wind Turbines
$770–$850 per kW (nameplate), down from $1800 in 2008.[3]
$3240 per kW avg (25% Capacity Factor)
Batteries:
Lead-Acid: $300 per kWh
Li-ion:
Hydrogen:
Worldwide hydrogen production stood at 90 Mt in 2020, but since it was produced almost exclusively from fossil fuels, the result was close to 900 Mt of CO2 emissions.[4]
"Green" hydrogen (no CO2) can be produced from water using electrolysis, but the cost is much higher.[5]
$2 per kg promised by mid 2020s[6]
$1 per kg ten-year goal set by DOE[7]
$0.12 per kWh electrical energy storage cost, assuming $2 per kg of H2, and 50% overall efficiency.[8]
Notes and References
- ↑ Fig.12 in Lovering 2016 "Historical construction costs of global nuclear power reactors" https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.01.011
- ↑ ThorCon's estimate of costs.
- ↑ DOE report 30 Aug 2021
- ↑ See the section "Hydrogen supplies are becoming cleaner … too slowly" in the IEA Global Hydrogen Review 2021.
- ↑ Depending on regional gas prices, the levelized cost of hydrogen production from natural gas ranges from $0.50 to $1.70 per kg. See the section "Low-carbon hydrogen can become competitive within the next decade" in the IEA Global Hydrogen Review 2021.
- ↑ Australian company Hysata, PV Magazine, Aug 2022.
- ↑ Department of Energy's "Hydrogen Shot"
- ↑ Energy density of H2 is 33 kWh/kg. ($2/kg / 33 kWh/kg / 50%) = $0.12/kWh.