Barbecue
Barbecue is a cooking technique that traditionally involves cooking over, or in the proximity of, charcoal or wood fires, generally outdoors; today gas and electricity are also frequently used as heating sources. The cooking process is usually, but not always, lengthy, but it always involves some transfer of flavoring to the food. The flavor can be from fragrant smoke, dry spices rubbed onto the meat, a basting liquid, or a combination of these.
The term can be extended to cover the equipment used or the food prepared this way. It derives from the Mexican Spanish word barbacoa, but many styles, with its partisans claiming it is the best, will be found throughout the Western Hemisphere.
Some Asian styles, particularly from Korea and Mongolia, have enough similarities to be called barbecue. Their cooking process is usually faster and higher-heat than Western methods, but still rely on heat to force flavoring into food.
| Style | Aspects of cooking | Flavoring |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional Mexican | Wrapped food in a pit; steams and smokes | Smoke, peppers |
| Texan | Open rack over smoky fire, preferably mesquite wood | Fairly sweet liquid baste; prominent tomatoes |
| Eastern North Carolina | Smoker/grill | Vinegar dominates the liquid baste; sweet-sour, no mustard or tomatoes |
| Western North Carolina | Smoker/grill | Vinegar and mustard in the baste; sweet-sour, no tomatoes |
| South Carolina | Smoker/grill | Tomatoes, mustard and vinegar glaze |
| Memphis | Open rack over smoky fire | Dry-rubbed with spice mixture |
| Korean | Grill; thin sliced; sufficiently fast-cooking to make crust | Marinated with ginger, soy, molasses, chiles |
Foods
With the long-cooking or thin-sliced methods, otherwise inexpensive and tough cuts of meat may be used. Beef is probably most common, then pork; chicken is also popular.
Serving
Depending on the meat, it may be served sliced or chopped, and usually wetted with the basting liquid. Barbecued spareribs, which are held in the hands to eat, are popular, as are chopped or sliced barbecue sandwiches.
Accompaniments
Side dishes vary, but beans are common, as is cole slaw, potato, or other cold salads. Fried potatoes may be served.
Beer is a popular beverage, as is iced tea.