Erythrocyte transfusion

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Revision as of 18:49, 6 November 2008 by imported>Robert Badgett (→‎Immunologic reactions)
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In medicine, erythrocyte transfusion or red blood cell transfusion is the "transfer of erythrocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor."[1]

Adverse effects

Immunologic reactions

  • Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions (FNHTR) due to destruction of incompatible donor white blood cells
  • Hemolytic reactions due to blood group incompatibility is "mismatch between donor and recipient blood. Antibodies present in the recipient's serum are directed against antigens in the donor product. Such a mismatch may result in a transfusion reaction in which, for example, donor blood is hemolyzed."[2]
    • Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions due to ABO incompatibility
    • Delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions
  • Allergic reactions
    • Anaphylactic transfusion reactions may occur, especially in patients with IgA-deficiency.
    • Urticaria may occur due to the recipient's IgE reacting to antigens from the donor.
  • Posttransfusion purpura (PTP) due to thrombocytopenia from platelet antibodies. This is more common in women who have been pregnant.
  • Transfusion associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD)

Chemical reactions

  • Hemosiderosis
  • Hypocalcemia from citrate toxicity
  • Hyperkalemia
  • Metabolic alkalosis and hypokalemia due to citrate

Transfusion-related acute lung injury (pulmonary leukoagglutinin reaction)

Transmission of infection

Other reactions

  • Hypothermia
  • Circulatory overload
  • Hypotension associated with leukoreduced blood

References

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