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15:05, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Sanford Levinson (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{subpages}} {{TOC|right}} '''Sanford V. Levinson''' is an expert in constitutional law and advocate for constitutional reform in the United States of America. He has criticized excessive presidential power<ref name=tws10oct44>{{cite news | author = Sanford Levinson | title = “Wartime Presidents and the Constitution: From Lincoln to Obama” -- speech by Sanford Levinson at Wayne Morse Center | pu...)
15:05, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Sanford Levinson (content was: "{{subpages}} {{TOC|right}} '''Sanford V. Levinson''' is an expert in constitutional law and advocate for constitutional reform in the United States of America. He has criticized excessive presidential power<ref name=tws10oct44>{{cite news | author = Sanford Levinson | title = “Wartime Presidents and the Constitution: From Lincoln to Obama” -- speech by Sanford Levinson at Wayne Morse Center | publisher = Wayne Morse Center for Law and Politics...")
15:05, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Sanford Levinson/Bibliography (content was: "{{subpages}} * ''Torture: A Collection'' (2005) * ''Constitutional Faith'' (1988) * ''Written in Stone: Public Monuments in Changing Societies'' (1998) * ''Wrestling With Diversity'' (2003) * ''Our Undemocratic Constitution: Where the Constitution Goes Wrong (and How We the People Can Correct It)'' (2006)", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
15:05, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Sanford Levinson/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Sanford Levinson | variant = AE  | abc = Levinson, Sanford V. | cat_check = yes | status = 2 | underlinked = yes | cleanup = no | by = | cat1 = Law | cat2 = Politics | cat3 = | sub1 = | sub2 = | sub3 = | tab1 = | tab2 = | tab3 =...")
15:04, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Sanford Levinson/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} {{TOC|right}} ==Parent topics== {{r|Law}} {{r|University of Texas}} ==Subtopics== {{r|Balkinization}} ==Other related topics== {{r|Unitary executive theory}} {{r|First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution|First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution}} {{r|Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution}}", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
15:03, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Organs of State Security (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Organs of State Security''' was the generic term for the intelligence and security services of the Soviet Union. In the Soviet state, there was always a "tripod" of power among the Communist Party, the "Organs", and the Red Army. Military intelligence was a separate organization, the GRU, although there was usually a State Security department monitoring military loyalty. Especially unde...)
15:03, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Organs of State Security (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Organs of State Security''' was the generic term for the intelligence and security services of the Soviet Union. In the Soviet state, there was always a "tripod" of power among the Communist Party, the "Organs", and the Red Army. Military intelligence was a separate organization, the GRU, although there was usually a State Security department monitoring military loyalty. Especially under Josef Stalin, security frequently reorganized. At di...")
15:03, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Organs of State Security/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Organs of State Security | abc = Organs of State Security | variant = AE | cat_check = | status = 2 | underlinked = | clea...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
15:03, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Organs of State Security/Definition (content was: "A generic term for Soviet intelligence and internal security organizations, from the Cheka to the KGB; traditionally a third of the power balance among the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the Red Army; term continues in Russian usage with the FSB", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
15:02, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Organs of State Security/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} ==Parent topics== {{r|Soviet Union}} {{r|Counterintelligence}} {{r|Secret police}} {{r|Intelligence gathering}} ==Subtopics== {{r|Cheka}} {{r|GPU (Soviet)}} {{r|NKVD}} {{r|NVKD}} {{r|OGPU}} {{r|MGB (Soviet)|Ministry of State Security (MGB)}} {{r|Committee for State Security|Committee for State Security...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:59, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Interrogation (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Interrogation''', in the context of eduction for criminal investigation and human-source intelligence, is the process of obtaining information from a person who is not a fully willing participant in the process. In addition to interrogation, Elicitation (human-source intelligence)...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berk...)
14:59, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Interrogation (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Interrogation''', in the context of eduction for criminal investigation and human-source intelligence, is the process of obtaining information from a person who is not a fully willing participant in the process. In addition to interrogation, Elicitation (human-source intelligence)...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:59, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Interrogation/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Interrogation  | variant = AE | abc = Interroga...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:59, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Interrogation/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} ==Parent topics== {{r|Eduction}} {{r|Human-source intelligence}} {{r|International law}} {{r|Criminal investigation}} {{r|Criminal law}} ==Subtopics== ==Other related topics==")
14:59, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Eduction (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Eduction''', not to be confused with education, is used as a term of art from human-source intelligence, which covers the broad range of situations, voluntary and involuntary, in which information is obtained from human beings. While the term has been criticized as a public relations attempt to soften the impact of controversy surrounding "interrogation", <ref name=NDIC-Educing>{{citation |...)
14:59, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Eduction (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Eduction''', not to be confused with education, is used as a term of art from human-source intelligence, which covers the broad range of situations, voluntary and involuntary, in which information is obtained from human beings. While the term has been criticized as a public relations attempt to soften the impact of controversy surrounding "interrogation", <ref name=NDIC-Educing>{{citation | contribution = Foreword | author = Robert Destro |...")
14:58, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Eduction/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Eduction  | variant = AE | abc = Eduction |...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:58, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Eduction/Definition (content was: "<noinclude>{{Subpages}}</noinclude> A collective term for acquiring information from willing and unwilling people, for purposes including criminal investigation and human-source intelligence, with methods that range from cooperative to coercive", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:58, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Eduction/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} ==Parent topics== {{r|Communication}} {{r|Criminal investigation}} {{r|Human-source intelligence}} ==Subtopics== {{r|Delphi method}} {{r|Elicitation}} {{r|Interrogation}} ==Other related topics== {{r|Confession}} {{r|Thought reform}}")
14:57, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Human-source intelligence (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Human-source intelligence''' is the oldest form of intelligence collection. It is not limited to espionage; when a prehistoric tribe sent a skilled warrior to observe another tribe and tell his war chief of its strength, that reconnaissance was an example of human intelligence. Human intelligence often is abbreviated as '''HUMINT'''. It includes all those forms Intelligence (information ga...)
14:57, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Human-source intelligence (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Human-source intelligence''' is the oldest form of intelligence collection. It is not limited to espionage; when a prehistoric tribe sent a skilled warrior to observe another tribe and tell his war chief of its strength, that reconnaissance was an example of human intelligence. Human intelligence often is abbreviated as '''HUMINT'''. It includes all those forms Intelligence (information gathering)|intelligence gathering that involve means of...")
14:57, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Human-source intelligence/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Human-source intelligence  | variant = AE | abc =Human-source intelligence | cat_check = | status = 2 | underlinked = | cleanup = | cat1 = Military | cat2 = Psycholog...")
14:57, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Human-source intelligence/Definition (content was: "<noinclude>{{subpages}}</noinclude> (HUMINT); the practice of acquiring information through interactions with people who can disclose relevant information, including but not limited to espionage, interrogation, debriefing and elicitation")
14:57, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Human-source intelligence/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} ==Parent topics== {{r|Intelligence collection management}} ==Subtopics== {{r|Eduction}} {{r|Elicitation}} {{r|Interrogation}} {{r|Military attache}} {{r|Special reconnaissance}} {{r|Surveillance}} ==Other related topics== {{r|Counterintelligence}} {{r|Reconnaissance, Surveillance and Target Acquisition Squadron (Brigade Combat Team)}} {{r|Thought reform}}")
14:56, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:International law (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{subpages}} '''International law''' formalizes interactions between nation-states, both at the national level and on behalf of their citizens; generally accepted as first formalized by the 17th century Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius (Hugo de Groot). It draws on more specific earlier principles such as just war theory and the doctrine of ''hostis humani generis'' for such offenses as piracy; there have been s...)
14:56, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page International law (content was: "{{subpages}} '''International law''' formalizes interactions between nation-states, both at the national level and on behalf of their citizens; generally accepted as first formalized by the 17th century Dutch jurist Hugo Grotius (Hugo de Groot). It draws on more specific earlier principles such as just war theory and the doctrine of ''hostis humani generis'' for such offenses as piracy; there have been specialized areas such as admiralty law.")
14:56, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page International law/Definition (content was: "<noinclude>{{subpages}}</noinclude> The formal conduct of interactions between nation-states, both at the national level and on behalf of their citizens; generally accepted as first formalized by Hugo Grotius.")
14:56, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:International law/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = International law  | variant = AE | abc = International law | cat_check = yes | status = 3 | underlinked = | cleanup = | cat1 = Law | cat2 = | cat3 = |...")
14:56, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page International law/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} ==Parent topics== {{r|Hostis humani generis|''Hostis humani generis''}} {{r|Hugo Grotius}} {{r|Jus cogens|''jus cogens''}} {{r|Just war theory}} {{r|League of Nations}} {{r|Sovereignty}} {{r|Treaty}} {{r|Treaty providing for the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy}} {{r|United Nations Charter}} {{r|Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations}} ==Subtopics== {{r|Extraordinary rendition}} {{r|International extradition}} {{r|International law enfor...")
14:52, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Intelligence dissemination management (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{Subpages}} {{TOC|right}} '''Intelligence dissemination management''' is the process of managing the distribution of intelligence information to appropriate consumers, consistent with the conflicting demands of security and usability. No matter how accurate intelligence analyses may be, they are useless if they do not reach the people who can act on the information. Dissemination managers face a...)
14:52, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Intelligence dissemination management (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{Subpages}} {{TOC|right}} '''Intelligence dissemination management''' is the process of managing the distribution of intelligence information to appropriate consumers, consistent with the conflicting demands of security and usability. No matter how accurate intelligence analyses may be, they are useless if they do not reach the people who can act on the information. Dissemination managers face a series of conflicts. The most basic is balancing the...")
14:52, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Intelligence dissemination management/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Intelligence dissemination management  | variant = AE |...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:51, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Intelligence dissemination management/Definition (content was: "<noinclude>{{Subpages}}</noinclude> The process of managing the distribution of intelligence information to appropriate consumers, consistent with the conflicting demands of security and usability.", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Derek Hodges|imported>Derek Hodges]]" ([[User talk:imported>Derek Hodges|talk]]))
14:51, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Intelligence dissemination management/Related Articles (content was: "<noinclude>{{subpages}}</noinclude> ==Parent topics== {{r|Intelligence (information gathering)}} {{r|Intelligence collection management}} {{r|Intelligence cycle management}} ==Subtopics== {{r|Human-source intelligence}} {{r|Intelligence analysis}} {{r|Measurement and signature intelligence}} ==Other related topics== {{r|CIA Activities in Asia-Pacific}} {{r|Government Communications Headquarters}} {{r|National Intelligence Council}} {{r|National Security Agency and Southeast...")
14:51, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Debriefing (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Debriefing''' is the process of obtaining information from ''willing'' human sources, and is assumed to be consistent with the rules, laws, and policies of the debriefing organization. It is admittedly an awkward term, since the subject rarely will be recounting the contents of a formal briefing or legal brief. People being debriefed are defined as willing to cooperate, although it is possi...)
14:51, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Debriefing (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''Debriefing''' is the process of obtaining information from ''willing'' human sources, and is assumed to be consistent with the rules, laws, and policies of the debriefing organization. It is admittedly an awkward term, since the subject rarely will be recounting the contents of a formal briefing or legal brief. People being debriefed are defined as willing to cooperate, although it is possible to obtain information through casual conversation...")
14:50, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Debriefing/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Debriefing  | variant = AE | abc = Debriefing |...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:50, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} thumb|250px|NLOS-LS test-firing a PAM As part of the cancelled Future Combat Systems (FCS) of the U.S. Army, and designated the XM501, '''Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System''' (NLOS-LS) combines a lightweight launcher with Precision Attack Missiles (PAM), which have both LOS or short BLOS modes as well as a boost-glide trajectory mode. One of its roles is to bring...)
14:50, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} thumb|250px|NLOS-LS test-firing a PAM As part of the cancelled Future Combat Systems (FCS) of the U.S. Army, and designated the XM501, '''Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System''' (NLOS-LS) combines a lightweight launcher with Precision Attack Missiles (PAM), which have both LOS or short BLOS modes as well as a boost-glide trajectory mode. One of its roles is to bring long-range strike to Infantry and Special Operations F...")
14:50, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System | variant = AE  | abc = Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System | cat_check = yes | status = 2 | underlinked = no | cleanup = yes | by...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:50, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System/Definition (content was: "<noinclude>{{Subpages}}</noinclude>Originally developed for the cancelled Future Combat Systems of the U.S. Army, a system based around Precision Attack Missiles for fires beyond the range of 155mm howitzers.", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:49, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} {{TOC|right}} ==Parent topics== {{r|Future Combat Systems}} {{r|Surface-to-surface missile}} ==Subtopics== {{r|Precision Attack Missile}} {{r|Common Tri-Mode Seeker}} {{r|Netfires}} {{r|Littoral Combat Ship}} ==Other related topics== {{r|155mm howitzer}} {{r|Griffin missile}}", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:49, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:PAVEWAY laser guidance (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''PAVEWAY laser guidance''' is a three-generation family of technologies, and associated tactics, for U.S. laser-guided bombs (LGB), which were the first modern precision-guided munitions. Like the Joint Direct Attack Munition, PAVEWAY is a set of components that attaches to a conventional unguided bomb. A fourth-generation PAVEWAY IV variant is in use by the Royal Air Force, but the U.S. ha...)
14:49, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page PAVEWAY laser guidance (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} '''PAVEWAY laser guidance''' is a three-generation family of technologies, and associated tactics, for U.S. laser-guided bombs (LGB), which were the first modern precision-guided munitions. Like the Joint Direct Attack Munition, PAVEWAY is a set of components that attaches to a conventional unguided bomb. A fourth-generation PAVEWAY IV variant is in use by the Royal Air Force, but the U.S. has not decided if it will use it. PAVEWAY I began deve...")
14:49, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:PAVEWAY laser guidance/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = PAVEWAY laser guidance | variant = AE  | abc = PAVEWAY laser guidance | cat_check = yes | status = 2 | underlinked = no | cleanup = yes | by = | cat...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:49, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page PAVEWAY laser guidance/Related Articles (content was: "{{subpages}} ==Parent topics== ==Subtopics== ==Other related topics==")
14:48, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Talk:Precision-guided munition (Deleted together with the associated page with reason: content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} A '''precision-guided munition (PGM)''' is a weapon that adjusts its flight path to hit a specific target. It may be self-powered, unpowered with gravity and launcher momentum as its energy source but with aerodynamic control surfaces, or unpowered with its launch energy coming from...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berko...)
14:48, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Precision-guided munition (content was: "{{PropDel}} {{subpages}} A '''precision-guided munition (PGM)''' is a weapon that adjusts its flight path to hit a specific target. It may be self-powered, unpowered with gravity and launcher momentum as its energy source but with aerodynamic control surfaces, or unpowered with its launch energy coming from...", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))
14:48, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Template:Precision-guided munition/Metadata (content was: "{{#switch: {{{info}}}  | pagename = Precision-guided munition  | variant = AE | abc = Precision-guided munition | cat_check = | status = 2 | underlinked = | cleanup = | cat1 = military | cat2 = |...")
14:48, 6 April 2024 John Leach talk contribs deleted page Precision-guided munition/Definition (content was: "<noinclude>{{Subpages}}</noinclude> A powered or unpowered weapon that adjusts its flight path to hit a specific target, with a circular error probability in the low number of meters, often less than the radius of destruction", and the only contributor was "[[Special:Contributions/imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|imported>Howard C. Berkowitz]]" ([[User talk:imported>Howard C. Berkowitz|talk]]))

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