Fédération Cynologique Internationale
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The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (usually translated into English as the World Canine Organisation, but still abbreviated F.C.I.) is an international umbrella organisation for kennel clubs.The FCI was begun in 1911, lapsed, and was reorganised in 1921. Today it includes 84 members and affiliates (one member body per country); these each issue their own pedigrees and train their own judges. The FCI ensures that all pedigrees and judges are mutually recognized by all the FCI members.
Most countries with significant kennel clubs are members of the F.C.I. Notable exceptions are the Kennel Club, (London) and the American Kennel Club, which each predates the formation of the FCI.