Buprenorphine
In pharmacology, buprenorphine is "a derivative of the opioid alkaloid thebaine that is a more potent and longer lasting analgesic than morphine. It appears to act as a partial agonist at mu and kappa opioid receptors and as an antagonist at delta receptors. The lack of delta-agonist activity has been suggested to account for the observation that buprenorphine tolerance may not develop with chronic use."[1]
History
In the United States, an injectable version was approved with a New Drug Application (NDA) by the FDA in 1981.[2] An oral/sublingual version (Subutex) was approved with a New Drug Application (NDA) by the FDA in 2002.[3] An oral/sublingual version combined with naloxone (Suboxone) was approved with a New Drug Application (NDA) by the FDA in 2002.[4]
An injectable generic version was approved with a Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) in 1996.[5]
Uses
Opiate withdrawal
Buprenorphine is more effective than clonidine or lofexidine and possibly more effective than methadone for treating opiate withdrawal according to a meta-analysis by the Cochrane Collaboration.[6]
Opiate dependence
Although buprenorphine–naloxone may be less effective than methadone, it can be prescribed by qualifying office-based physicians.[7]
External links
The most up-to-date information about Buprenorphine and other drugs can be found at the following sites.
- Buprenorphine - FDA approved drug information (drug label) from DailyMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
- Buprenorphine - Drug information for consumers from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
- Buprenorphine - Detailed information from DrugBank.
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Buprenorphine (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Drugs@FDA. U S Food and Drug Administration
- ↑ Drugs@FDA. U S Food and Drug Administration
- ↑ Drugs@FDA. U S Food and Drug Administration
- ↑ Drugs@FDA. U S Food and Drug Administration
- ↑ Gowing L, Ali R, White JM (2009). "Buprenorphine for the management of opioid withdrawal.". Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD002025. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD002025.pub4. PMID 19588330. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Sullivan LE, Fiellin DA (2008). "Narrative review: buprenorphine for opioid-dependent patients in office practice.". Ann Intern Med 148 (9): 662-70. PMID 18458279.