User:Pat Palmer/sandbox
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Sikh
A Sikh is a person belonging to an ethnoreligious group[1] who adhere to Sikhism,[2] an Indian religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.[3] The term Sikh has its origin in the Sanskrit word Template:IAST, meaning 'seeker',[4] Template:Gloss or Template:Gloss.[5][6][7] According to Article I of Chapter 1 of the Sikh Rehat Maryada (Template:Gloss), the definition of Sikh is:[8] Any human being who faithfully believes in
- One Immortal Being
- Ten Gurus, from Guru Nanak Sahib to Guru Gobind Singh Sahib
- The Guru Granth Sahib
- The utterances and teachings of the ten Gurus and
- The baptism bequeathed by the tenth Guru and who does not owe allegiance to any other religion, is a Sikh.
Male Sikhs generally have Singh (Template:Gloss) as their last name, though not all Singhs are necessarily Sikhs; likewise, female Sikhs have Kaur (Template:Gloss) as their last name. These unique last names were given by the Gurus to allow Sikhs to stand out and also as an act of defiance to India's caste system, which the Gurus were always against. Sikhs strongly believe in the idea of sarbat da bhala (Template:Gloss) and are often seen on the frontline to provide humanitarian aid across the world.
Sikhs who have undergone the Amrit Sanchar (Template:Gloss), an initiation ceremony, are known as Khalsa from the day of their initiation, and they must at all times have on their bodies the five Ks:
- kesh, uncut hair usually kept covered by a dastār, also known as a turban;
- kara, an iron or steel bracelet;
- kirpan, a dagger-like sword tucked into a gatra strap or a kamar kasa waistband;
- kachera, a cotton undergarment; and
- kanga, a small wooden comb.
The Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent has been the historic homeland of the Sikhs, having even been ruled by the Sikhs for significant parts of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today, Canada has the largest national Sikh proportion (2.1%) in the world,[9] while the Punjab state in India has the largest Sikh proportion (58%) amongst all administrative divisions in the world. Many countries, such as Canada and the United Kingdom, recognize Sikhs as a designated religion on their censuses,[10] and, as of 2020, Sikhs are considered as a separate ethnic group in the United States.[11] The UK also considers Sikhs to be an ethno-religious people, as a direct result of the Mandla v Dowell-Lee case in 1982.[12][13]
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1Size in square miles, land area only (minus water).
2Population per 2020 census.
3Population density in persons per square mile.
4Electoral votes for the 2024 presidential election.
No | Name | Short | Year | Size1 | Population2 | Density3 | EV's4 | Capital | Subdivisions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Alabama | AL | 1819 - 22nd | 50,744 | 5,024,279 | 99.0 | 9 | Montgomery | 67 counties |
2 | Alaska | AK | 1959 - 49th | 571,951 | 733,391 | 1.3 | 3 | Juneau | 16 boroughs[14] |
3 | Arizona | AZ | 1912 - 48th | 113,635 | 7,151,502 | 62.9 | 11 | Phoenix | 15 counties |
4 | Arkansas | AR | 1836 - 25th | 52,068 | 3,011,524 | 57.8 | 6 | Little Rock | 75 counties |
5 | California | CA | 1850 - 31st | 155,959 | 39,538,223 | 253.5 | 54 | Sacramento | 58 counties |
6 | Colorado | CO | 1876 - 38th | 103,718 | 5,773,714 | 55.7 | 10 | Denver | 64 counties |
7 | Connecticut | CT | 1788 - 5th | 4845 | 3,605,944 | 744.3 | 7 | Hartford | 8 counties[15] and 169 towns |
8 | Delaware | DE | 1787 - 1st | 1954 | 989,948 | 506.6 | 3 | Dover | 3 counties |
9 | Florida | FL | 1845 - 27th | 53,927 | 21,538,187 | 399.4 | 30 | Tallahassee | 67 counties |
10 | Georgia | GA | 1788 - 4th | 57,906 | 10,711,908 | 185.0 | 16 | Atlanta | 159 counties |
11 | Hawaii | HI | 1959 - 50th | 6423 | 1,455,271 | 226.6 | 4 | Honolulu | 5 counties[16] |
12 | Idaho | ID | 1890 - 43rd | 82,747 | 1,839,106 | 22.2 | 4 | Boise | 44 counties |
13 | Illinois | IL | 1818 - 21st | 55,584 | 12,812,508 | 230.5 | 19 | Springfield | 102 counties |
14 | Indiana | IN | 1816 - 19th | 35,867 | 6,785,528 | 189.2 | 11 | Indianapolis | 92 counties |
15 | Iowa | IA | 1846 - 29th | 55,869 | 3,190,369 | 57.1 | 8 | Des Moines | 99 counties |
16 | Kansas | KS | 1861 - 34th | 81,815 | 2,937,880 | 35.9 | 6 | Topeka | 105 counties |
17 | Kentucky | KY | 1792 - 15th | 39,728 | 4,505,836 | 113.4 | 8 | Frankfort | 120 counties |
18 | Louisiana | LA | 1812 - 18th | 43,562 | 4,657,757 | 106.9 | 8 | Baton Rouge | 64 parishes |
19 | Maine | ME | 1820 - 23rd | 30,862 | 1,362,359 | 44.1 | 4 | Augusta | 16 counties |
20 | Maryland | MD | 1788 - 7th | 9,774 | 6,177,224 | 632.0 | 10 | Annapolis | 22 counties + Baltimore[17] |
21 | Massachussetts | MA | 1788 - 6th | 7840 | 7,029,917 | 896.7 | 11 | Boston | 14 counties, 50 cities, 301 towns[18] |
22 | Michigan | MI | 1836 - 25th | 56,804 | 10,077,331 | 177.4 | 15 | Lansing | 83 counties |
23 | Minnesota | MN | 1858 - 32nd | 79,610 | 5,706,494 | 71.7 | 10 | St. Paul | 87 counties |
24 | Mississippi | MS | 1817 - 20th | 46,907 | 2,961,279 | 63.1 | 6 | Jackson | 82 counties |
25 | [[Missouri]] | MO | 1821 - 24th | 68,886 | 6,154,913 | 89.3 | 10 | Jefferson City | 115 counties |
26 | Montana | MT | 1889 - 41st | 145,552 | 1,084,225 | 7.4 | 4 | Helena | 56 counties |
27 | Nebraska | NE | 1867 - 37th | 76,872 | 1,961,504 | 25.5 | 5 | Lincoln | 93 counties |
28 | Nevada | NV | 1864 - 36th | 109,826 | 3,104,614 | 28.3 | 6 | Carson City | 17 counties |
29 | New Hampshire | NH | 1788 - 9th | 8968 | 1,377,529 | 153.6 | 4 | Concord | 10 counties |
30 | New Jersey | NJ | 1787 - 3rd | 7417 | 9,288,994 | 1,252.4 | 14 | Trenton | 21 counties |
31 | New Mexico | NM | 1912 - 47th | 121,356 | 2,117,522 | 17.4 | 5 | Santa Fe | 33 counties |
32 | New York | NY | 1788 - 11th | 47,214 | 20,201,249 | 427.9 | 28 | Albany | 62 counties |
33 | North Carolina | NC | 1789 - 12th | 48,711 | 10,439,388 | 214.3 | 16 | Raleigh | 100 counties |
34 | North Dakota | ND | 1889 - 39th | 68,976 | 779,094 | 11.3 | 3 | Bismarck | 53 counties |
35 | Ohio | OH | 1803 - 17th | 40,948 | 11,799,448 | 288.2 | 17 | Columbus | 88 counties |
36 | Oklahoma | OK | 1907 - 46th | 68,667 | 3,959,353 | 57.7 | 7 | Oklahoma City | 77 counties |
37 | Oregon | OR | 1859 - 33rd | 95,997 | 4,237,256 | 44.1 | 8 | Salem | 36 counties |
38 | Pennsylvania | PA | 1787 - 2nd | 44,817 | 13,002,700 | 290.1 | 19 | Harrisburg | 67 counties |
39 | Rhode Island | RI | 1790 - 13th | 1045 | 1,097,379 | 1,050.1 | 4 | Providence | 5 counties |
40 | South Carolina | SC | 1788 - 8th | 30,110 | 5,118,425 | 170.0 | 9 | Columbia | sub |
41 | South Dakota | SD | 1889 - 40th | 75,885 | 886,667 | 11.7 | 3 | Pierre | 66 counties |
42 | Tennessee | TN | 1796 - 16th | 41,217 | 6,910,840 | 167.7 | 11 | Nashville | 95 counties |
43 | Texas | TX | 1845 - 28th | 261,797 | 29,145,505 | 111.3 | 40 | Austin | 154 counties |
44 | Utah | UT | 1896 - 45th | 82,144 | 3,271,616 | 39.8 | 6 | Salt Lake City | 29 counties |
45 | Vermont | VT | 1791 - 14th | 9250 | 643,077 | 69.5 | 3 | Montpelier | 14 counties[19] |
46 | Virginia | VA | 1788 - 10th | 39,594 | 8,631,393 | 218.0 | 13 | Richmond | 95 counties, 39 independent cities |
47 | Washington | WA | 1889 - 42nd | 66,544 | 7,705,281 | 115.8 | 12 | Olympia | 39 counties |
48 | West Virginia | WV | 1863 - 35th | 24,078 | 1,793,716 | 74.5 | 4 | Charleston | 55 counties |
49 | Wisconsin | WI | 1848 - 30th | 54,310 | 5,893,718 | 108.5 | 10 | Madison | 72 counties |
50 | Wyoming | WY | 1890 - 44th | 97,100 | 576,851 | 5.9 | 3 | Cheyenne | 23 counties |
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Citable Articles (146)
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(16,484 total articles)
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Capital cities list
- Montgomery, Alabama: Capital of the U.S. state of Alabama. [e]
- Juneau, Alaska: Capital of the U.S. state of Alaska. [e]
- Phoenix, Arizona: Capital of the U.S. state of Arizona. [e]
- Little Rock, Arkansas: Capital of the U.S. state of Arkansas. [e]
- Sacramento, California: Capital of the U.S. state of California. [e]
- Denver, Colorado: Capital of the U.S. state of Colorado; its nickname is Mile High City. [e]
- Hartford, Connecticut: Capital of the U.S. state of Connecticut. [e]
- Dover, Delaware: Capital of the U.S. state of Delaware. [e]
- Tallahassee, Florida: Capital of the U.S. state of Florida. [e]
- Atlanta, Georgia: Capital of the U.S. state of Georgia. [e]
- Honolulu, Hawaii: Capital of the U.S. state of Hawaii. [e]
- Boise, Idaho: Capital of the U.S. state of Idaho. [e]
- Springfield, Illinois: Capital of the U.S. state of Illinois; the home town of President Abraham Lincoln. [e]
- Indianapolis, Indiana: Capital of the U.S. state of Indiana. [e]
- Des Moines, Iowa: Capital of the U.S. state of Iowa. [e]
- Topeka, Kansas: Capital of the U.S. state of Kansas. [e]
- Frankfort, Kentucky: Capital of the U.S. state of Kentucky. [e]
- Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Capital of the U.S. state of Louisiana. [e]
- Augusta, Maine: Capital of the U.S. state of Maine. [e]
- Annapolis, Maryland: Capital of the U.S. state of Maryland, seaport, and the home of the United States Naval Academy. [e]
- Boston, Massachusetts: Capital of the U.S. Commonwealth of Massachussetts. [e]
- Lansing, Michigan: Capital of the U.S. state of Michigan. [e]
- St. Paul, Minnesota: Capital of the U.S. state of Minnesota. [e]
- Jackson, Mississippi: Capital of the U.S. state of Mississippi. [e]
- Jefferson City, Missouri: Capital of the U.S. state of [[Missouri]]. [e]
- Helena, Montana: Capital of the U.S. state of Montana, in the western part of the state; estimated population (2020) 32,362. [e]
- Lincoln, Nebraska: Capital of the U.S. state of Nebraska, on open prairie in the southeastern part of the state; population in 2020 was 291,383. [e]
- Carson City, Nevada: Capital of the U.S. state of Nevada. [e]
- Concord, New Hampshire: Capital of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. [e]
- Trenton, New Jersey: Capital of the U.S. state of New Jersey. [e]
- Santa Fe, New Mexico: Capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico. [e]
- Albany, New York: Capital of the U.S. state of New York, 2.5+ hours travel time from New York City. [e]
- Raleigh, North Carolina: Capital of the U.S. state of North Carolina (U.S. state). [e]
- Bismarck, North Dakota: Capital of the U.S. state of North Dakota, located in the center of the state. [e]
- Columbus, Ohio: Capital of the U.S. state of Ohio and largest city in the state. [e]
- Oklahoma City, Oklahoma: Capital of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. [e]
- Salem, Oregon: Add brief definition or description
- Harrisburg, Pennsylvania: Capital of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. [e]
- Providence, Rhode Island: Capital of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. [e]
- Columbia, South Carolina: Add brief definition or description
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Notes and Refs
- ↑ Sikhs to be counted as a separate ethnic group in 2020 US census for first time (en).
- ↑ (July 1971) "Guru Nanak and Origins of the Sikh Faith". Philosophy East and West 21 (3): 348. DOI:10.2307/1398373. ISSN 0031-8221. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Nikky-Guninder Kaur Singh (22 February 2011). Sikhism: An Introduction. I.B. Tauris, 61–. ISBN 978-0-85773-549-2.
- ↑ Institute of Sikh Studies, Chandigarh.
- ↑ Singh, Khushwant (2006). The Illustrated History of the Sikhs. India: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-567747-1.
- ↑ Nabha, Kahan Singh (1930). ਗੁਰ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਰਤਨਾਕਰ ਮਹਾਨ ਕੋਸ਼ (in pa).
- ↑ carolyn (2022-03-17). SIKH NATIONALISM: From a Dominant Minority to an Ethno-Religious Diaspora | By Gurharpal Singh and Giorgio Shani (en-CA).
- ↑ Sikh Reht Maryada: Sikh Code of Conduct and Conventions.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; no text was provided for refs namedcanadareligion2021
- ↑ ONS (11 December 2012). Religion in England and Wales 2011. UK Statistics Authority.
- ↑ Press Trust of India (15 January 2020). Sikhs to be counted as separate ethnic group in 2020 US Census; community hails recognition of distinct language, culture.
- ↑ Anti-Discrimination (Amendment) Bill – 11/05/1994 – 2R COMM – NSW Parliament. Parliament.nsw.gov.au (1994-05-11).
- ↑ Archived copy.
- ↑ Alaska boroughs include Municipality of Anchorage and an Unorganized Borough administered directly by the state.
- ↑ Connecticut counties have had no government power since 1960)
- ↑ One Hawaii county is administered by the state Dept. of Health
- ↑ Baltimore, Maryland is an independent city not in any county.
- ↑ Counties in Massachussetts have little government function.
- ↑ Vermont counties have limited governmental powers.