1944 assassination attempt against Hitler/Related Articles
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Parent articles
- Adolf Hitler [r]: (1889–1945) Politician in Germany; became 1921 Nazi Party leader, 1933 Reichskanzler (Chancellor), then 1934 as der Führer dictator before and during World War II. [e]
- German Resistance [r]: Individuals and groups in Nazi Germany who opposed the regime of Adolf Hitler between 1933 and 1945. [e]
Subtopics
Conspirators
- Ludwig Beck [r]: (1880-1944) General in the German Army, became f Army Chief of Staff in 1933 with the rise of the Nazis but removed in 1938 for plotting against the regime; member of the German Resistance; committed suicide after the failure of the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; the conspirators planned to install him as Head of State [e]
- Hans von Boineburg-Lengsfeld [r]: General Leutnant (major general equivalent), Commandant of the Paris garrison during 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; escaped arrest as part of deal to release Paris SS [e]
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer [r]: Christian theologian and long-term anti-Nazi; arrested and executed following 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler [e]
- Wilhelm Canaris [r]: Rear Admiral in the German Navy during WWII; commanded Abwehr military intelligence service, which contained many anti-Nazi conspirators and was eventually absorbed by the SS; eventually executed at Flossenburg Concentration Camp [e]
- Hans von Dohnanyi [r]: (1902-1945) German attorney and legal adviser; attached to Abwehr in WWII; traveled abroad for German Resistance; executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler [e]
- Erich Fellgiebel [r]: General of Communications Troops (equiv. Allied lieutenant general) in the WWII German Army, overall military communications chief; failed to cut Adolf Hitler's communications after the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler and thus doomed the Operation Valkyrie coup; executed [e]
- Eberhard Finckh [r]: Colonel, Deputy Chief of Staff West; took part in July 20 arrests of SS in Paris; executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler [e]
- Eugen Gerstenmaier [r]: (1906-1986) Theologian; Only civilian arrested at Ersatzheer headquarters on the Bendlerstrasse, during the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; arrested, tried, and while the death sentence was requested, received 10 years; president of the German Parliament (Christian Democrat), 1954-1969 [e]
- Carl Goedeler [r]: (1884-1944) Elected mayor of Leipzig, Germany in 1930, and holding anti-Nazi views, he resigned in 1937, and began traveling in search of a negotiated peace for Germany; worked with Ludwig Beck in the 20th of July planning; was to have been named Reich Chancellor had the coup succeeded; captured, interrogated under torture for five months, and executed [e]
- Ulrich Hassell [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Werner von Haeften [r]: (1908-44) First Lieutenant in the German Army and adjutant to Claus von Stauffenberg; assisted him with the bomb and was executed that night, with Stauffenberg, for the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler [e]
- Caesar von Hofacker [r]: (1896-1944) Luftwaffe lieutenant colonel on staff of Carl Stulpnagel in Paris; cousin of Claus von Stauffenberg; liaison to Erwin Rommel; noted defiance of Roland Freisler in the People's Court but still executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler after extensive torture, implicating Rommel [e]
- Kreisau Circle [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Julius Leber [r]: (1891-1945) German liberal journalist, elected to Reichstag 1924 and became part of anti-Nazi bloc, arrested by Nazis in 1933, held for 4 years; rejoined opposition; arrested for suspicion in 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler and executed after two months of silence [e]
- Friedrich Olbricht [r]: (1888-1944) Generalleutnant and Chief of Staff of the Ersatzheer under Friedrich Fromm; planner of Operation Valkyrie with Ludwig Beck and Carl Goerdeler; issued Valkyrie order; shot by Fromm's order, along with Claus von Stauffenberg, the night of the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; [e]
- Hans Oster [r]: Officer in the WWII German Army; Deputy Chief of the Abwehr military organization reporting to Admiral Wilhelm Canaris; active member of the German Resistance; eventually executed in Flossenburg Concentration Camp [e]
- Fabian Schlabrendorff [r]: (1907-1980) Attorney who became wartime adjutant to Henning von Tresckow; member of German Resistance who tried to bomb Hitler's plane in 1943 but was not discovered; arrested in 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler, acquitted of treason; judge of the German Constitutional Court (1967-1975) [e]
- Claus von Stauffenberg [r]: (1907-1944) [Count von Stauffenberg] Colonel, German Army; Chief of Staff of the Ersatzheer; led 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler, personally placed bomb, and was executed that night [e]
- Carl-Heinrich von Stuelpnagel [r]: General of Infantry (lieutenant general equivalent), German Army; Military Governor of Paris at the time of the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; attempted suicide on return for trial but recovered to be hanged [e]
- Henning von Tresckow [r]: (1901-1945) Generalmajor in the German Army and an early member of the German Resistance; Chief of Staff of Army Group South (Russian Front) at the time of the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler, but aware of it and committed suicide after the coup failed [e]
- Peter von Wartenburg [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Erwin von Witzleben [r]: (1881-1944) German Field Marshal who commanded the forces that broke through the Maginot Line in the Battle of France; member of the German Resistance from 1938; retired 1942 due to Gestapo reports he criticized the regime; designated head of the Armed Forces after the 20th of July coup; executed after a show trial in the Peoples' Court [e]
Had knowledge
- Friedrich Fromm [r]: (1888-1945) General, German Army; Commander of the Ersatzheer (Replacement Army), under Ludwig Beck (1937-1944) and chief of armaments (1939-44); aware of but did not participate in 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; had key conspirators shot to cover himself but was later attested and executed. [e]
- Erwin Rommel [r]: Field Marshal in the WWII German Army; distinguished German junior infantry officer in WWI; especially noted for leadership in the WWII North African and Atlantic Coast campaigns; forced to commit suicide by Hitler when implicated as his replacement as Head of State by the 20th of July plot [e]
Suppression
- Roland Freisler [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Joseph Goebbels [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Heinz Guderian [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Wilhelm Keitel [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Heinrich Müller [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Hans Pannwitz [r]: Add brief definition or description Mueller's Gestapo subordinate who ran Rote Kapelle
- Ernst-Otto Remer [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Gerd von Rundstedt [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Otto Skorzeny [r]: Add brief definition or description