Acidosis: Difference between revisions
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===Metabolic acidosis=== | ===Metabolic acidosis=== | ||
====High anion gap==== | |||
====Low anion gap==== | |||
"A decrease in the normal AG occurs in dilutional states, hypoalbuminemia, [[hypercalcemia]], [[hypermagnesemia]], [[hypernatremia]], diseases associated with hyperviscosity, bromide intoxication, and in certain paraproteinemias."<ref name="pmid401925">{{cite journal |author=Emmett M, Narins RG |title=Clinical use of the anion gap |journal=Medicine (Baltimore) |volume=56 |issue=1 |pages=38–54 |year=1977 |month=January |pmid=401925 |doi= |url= |issn=}}</ref> | |||
===Mixed disorders=== | |||
"When the delta HCO3 is less than the delta AG, a mixed metabolic alkalosis and metabolic acidosis is likely to be present."<ref name="pmid6488577">{{cite journal |author=Goodkin DA, Krishna GG, Narins RG |title=The role of the anion gap in detecting and managing mixed metabolic acid-base disorders |journal=Clin Endocrinol Metab |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=333–49 |year=1984 |month=July |pmid=6488577 |doi= |url= |issn=}}</ref> Thus for each increase in the anion gap over 12 the bicarbonate should fall by the same amount. | "When the delta HCO3 is less than the delta AG, a mixed metabolic alkalosis and metabolic acidosis is likely to be present."<ref name="pmid6488577">{{cite journal |author=Goodkin DA, Krishna GG, Narins RG |title=The role of the anion gap in detecting and managing mixed metabolic acid-base disorders |journal=Clin Endocrinol Metab |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=333–49 |year=1984 |month=July |pmid=6488577 |doi= |url= |issn=}}</ref> Thus for each increase in the anion gap over 12 the bicarbonate should fall by the same amount. | ||
Revision as of 23:55, 18 February 2009
In medicine, acidosis is "pathologic condition resulting from accumulation of acid or depletion of the alkaline reserve (bicarbonate) content of the blood and body tissues, and characterized by an increase in hydrogen ion concentration (decrease in pH). (Dorland, 27th ed)."[1][2]
Classification
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
High anion gap
Low anion gap
"A decrease in the normal AG occurs in dilutional states, hypoalbuminemia, hypercalcemia, hypermagnesemia, hypernatremia, diseases associated with hyperviscosity, bromide intoxication, and in certain paraproteinemias."[3]
Mixed disorders
"When the delta HCO3 is less than the delta AG, a mixed metabolic alkalosis and metabolic acidosis is likely to be present."[4] Thus for each increase in the anion gap over 12 the bicarbonate should fall by the same amount.
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Acidosis (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Narins RG, Gardner LB (March 1981). "Simple acid-base disturbances". Med. Clin. North Am. 65 (2): 321–46. PMID 7230961. [e]
- ↑ Emmett M, Narins RG (January 1977). "Clinical use of the anion gap". Medicine (Baltimore) 56 (1): 38–54. PMID 401925. [e]
- ↑ Goodkin DA, Krishna GG, Narins RG (July 1984). "The role of the anion gap in detecting and managing mixed metabolic acid-base disorders". Clin Endocrinol Metab 13 (2): 333–49. PMID 6488577. [e]
External links
- Winter's formula (Expected pCO2 = 1.5 * HCO3 + 8 ± 2)