Anonymity

Anonymity is the condition of being unknown, without a name or lacking an identity.

The problem of anonymity is a particular interesting and dynamic one in the online context, especially in the broad set of contexts, media, software, websites, and venues identified as Web 2.0. Particularly when encountering existing or created web pages, the anonymous reader, known only to herself, frequently encounters an equally anonymous author Pseudonyms, or fabricated names, whether or not the fabrication is obvious, are a common online phenomenon. Sometimes pneumonic devices may used, whether or not they have meaning to the creator. Thus Betty Rice, who only a few close friends know plays in a bell choir, for example, may seek to retain her online anonymity with the pseudonym Bell Ringer.

The condition of being anonymous seldom appears among lists of key concepts in social science theories but is nonetheless related in complex ways to several important social and political ideas: It shares a first syllable (and common Greek origin) with anomie, for example, and is theoretically related as well to anarchy; the concern being that persons nameless or unknown may constitute threats to social order or moral order. The condition of anonymity is also closely linked to the social psychological concept of personal identity.

Philosophically, important issues revolve around the question of the nature of existence of that which lacks a name or is fully unknown.

In politics and community theory, the concept of anonymity is often linked with the idea of membership: the outside is a stranger, an unknown person without a name or an identity, not one of us, not a member of our community. Robert and Sara Morris, in a book subtitled Why Care for the Stranger? argued that this is a concept with particularly important consequences in social welfare policy.