Aspergillus flavus: Difference between revisions

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{{CZ:Biol_201:_General_Microbiology/EZnotice}}
{{Taxobox
| color = blue
| name =Aspergillus Flavus 
| image =
| regnum = Fungi
| phylum =  Ascomycota
| classis =  Eurotiomycetes
| ordo =  Eurotiales
| familia =  Trichocomaceae
| genus =  Aspergillus
| species =  A. flavus
| binomial = Aspergillus flavus
| binomial_authority = 
}}
==Description and significance==
Aspergillus flavus is a filamentous fungus.  It produces a mycotoxin called aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub>.  Aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> is carcinogenic and it can cause liver damage in humans and animals <sup>4</sup>.When crops are infected with A. Flavus thier value decreases because of the exposure of the crop to aflatoxin.<sup>2</sup>  Aspergillus Flavus is mainly a saprophyte, meaning it obtains its nutrients from dead or decaying material, but it can also be a pathogen to plants animals and humans.<sup>1</sup>
==Genome structure==
The genome of A. Flavus strain NRRL 3357 has been sequenced at The Institute for Genomic Research, Rockville, Maryland. Below are the genome statistics.
"5 X draft
2761 scaffolds
Scaffold size, 4.5 Mbp to 200bp
91% in 16 largest scaffolds
Total size just under 40Mbp
Predicted genes, 13,487
Average gene length, 1,485 bp" <sup>1</sup>
==Cell structure and metabolism==
==Cell structure and metabolism==
==Ecology==
==Pathology==
A. Flavus ia an opportunistic pathogen, which allows it to infect animals, humans and plants.  It is not virulent in healthy viable tissues.  It gains access to seeds through wounds and insect larval exit holes.  A. Flavus targets seeds with poor viability.  In humans A. Flavus is associated with aspergillosis, a secondary respiratory infection in immuno-compromised patients.  In certain areas it is also the cause of superficial infections.  <sup>2</sup> Infections A. Flavus can cause are  corneal, otomycotic, and nasoorbital infections.<sup>3</sup>
==Application to Biotechnology==
==Current Research==
==References==
1. http://www.aspergillusflavus.org/aflavus/
2. Mellon J, Cotty P, Dowd M. Aspergillus flavus hydrolases: their roles in pathogenesis and substrate utilization. Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology [serial online]. December 2007;77(3):497-504. Available from: Academic Search Premier, Ipswich, MA. Accessed April 12, 2009
3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspergillus_flavus Accessed April 13, 2009
4. Mold-Help.org. "Aspergillus." Accessed April 13, 2009

Revision as of 16:13, 21 April 2009

Cell structure and metabolism

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