G-protein-coupled receptor: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Robert Badgett
No edit summary
imported>Robert Badgett
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
{{subpages}}
{{subpages}}
In [[biology]], '''G-protein-coupled receptors''' are the "largest family of [[cell surface receptor]]s involved in [[signal transduction]]. They share a common structure and signal through [[heterotrimeric g-proteins]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>
In [[biology]], '''G-protein-coupled receptors''' are the "largest family of [[cell surface receptor]]s involved in [[signal transduction]]. They share a common structure and signal through [[heterotrimeric g-proteins]]."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>
In [[signal transduction]], [[cell surface receptor]]s such as [[G-protein-coupled receptors]] may activate [[second messenger system]]s such as adenyl cyclase-[[cyclic AMP]] and [[cyclic GMP]] which then may activate [[protein kinase]]s such as [[G-protein-coupled receptor kinase]] which then affect downstream targets (see [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?highlight=receptor,kinase,G-protein-coupled&rid=mcb.figgrp.5742 figure]).<ref name="isbn0-7167-3136-3">{{cite book |author=Lodish, Harvey F. |authorlink= |editor= |others= |title=Molecular cell biology |edition= |language= |publisher=Scientific American Books |location=New York |year=1999 |origyear= |chapter=20.1.  Overview of Extracellular Signaling|chapterurl=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mcb.section.5717|pages= |quote= |isbn=0-7167-3136-3 |oclc= |doi= |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mcb |accessdate=}}</ref>


Two principal [[signal transduction]] pathways involving the G-protein coupled receptors are proposed: they use either the [[cyclic AMP]] or the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate [[second messenger system]]s.<ref name="pmid3113327">{{cite journal |author=Gilman AG |title=G proteins: transducers of receptor-generated signals |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=56 |issue= |pages=615–49 |year=1987 |pmid=3113327 |doi=10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151 |url=http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov |issn=}}</ref>
Two principal [[signal transduction]] pathways involving the G-protein coupled receptors are proposed: they use either the [[cyclic AMP]] or the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate [[second messenger system]]s.<ref name="pmid3113327">{{cite journal |author=Gilman AG |title=G proteins: transducers of receptor-generated signals |journal=Annu. Rev. Biochem. |volume=56 |issue= |pages=615–49 |year=1987 |pmid=3113327 |doi=10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151 |url=http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.bi.56.070187.003151?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dncbi.nlm.nih.gov |issn=}}</ref>

Revision as of 14:11, 14 July 2009

This article is a stub and thus not approved.
Main Article
Discussion
Related Articles  [?]
Bibliography  [?]
External Links  [?]
Citable Version  [?]
 
This editable Main Article is under development and subject to a disclaimer.

In biology, G-protein-coupled receptors are the "largest family of cell surface receptors involved in signal transduction. They share a common structure and signal through heterotrimeric g-proteins."[1]

In signal transduction, cell surface receptors such as G-protein-coupled receptors may activate second messenger systems such as adenyl cyclase-cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP which then may activate protein kinases such as G-protein-coupled receptor kinase which then affect downstream targets (see figure).[2]

Two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G-protein coupled receptors are proposed: they use either the cyclic AMP or the phosphatidylinositol diphosphate-inositol triphosphate second messenger systems.[3]

Examples of G-protein-coupled receptors include adrenergic receptors, angiotensin receptors, bradykinin receptors, CCR5 receptor (used by HIV to infect cells), and opioid receptors.

References