Glossary of cricket
This is a glossary of terms used in the sport of cricket.
A
All-rounder – a player who is proficient at both batting and bowling; the majority of players are specialists in one discipline
B
Bowled – a common means of dismissal by which the bowler has hit the wicket with the ball and the wicket has "broken" with at least one bail being dislodged (note that if the ball hits the wicket without dislodging a bail it is not out)
Bye – extra(s) awarded if the batsman misses the ball and it goes past the wicketkeeper to give the batsmen time to run in the conventional way (note that the mark of a good wicketkeeper is one who restricts the tally of byes to a minimum)
C
Caught – a common means of dismissal by which the batsman has hit the ball with his bat or with his hand and the ball was caught on the full by a member of the fielding side
D
Declaration – tactical decision by the batting team's captain to close the innings while the team still has wickets in hand
E
Extra – runs which are not scored from the bat; they comprise no balls, wides, byes and leg byes and so are a form of penalty imposed on the fielding team; known in Australia as "sundries"
F
Follow on – in a double innings match, the side batting second may be obliged to bat the third innings (i.e., bat a second time out of turn) because of the size of their first innings deficit (e.g., 200-plus runs behind in a Test match)
G
Googly – also known as a wrong un or a bosie, an off-break being bowled by a leg-spinner with a leg-break action (right-arm bowler) or an orthodox delivery being bowled with a chinaman action (left-arm bowler). Essentially, the ball spins in the opposite direction to that of the spin bowler's "stock delivery". It was devised by B. J. T. Bosanquet at the end of the 19th century and the Australian term "bosie" was coined in his honour.
H
Handled the ball – an unusual means of dismissal whereby a batsman must not deliberately use his hand to protect his wicket (note that the bowled ball often hits the batsman's hand but this is not intentional by the batsman and so is not out; though he can of course be caught off his hand)
Hit wicket – a common means of dismissal whereby a batsman did just that, often by hitting the wicket with his bat or by falling onto it or running into it
Hit the ball twice – an unusual means of dismissal that was introduced as a safety measure to counter dangerous play and protect the fielders, although when it does occur it is usually because the batsman has tried to stop the ball hitting the wicket after he has already played it
I
In-swinger – a fast delivery in which the ball swings in the air from off to leg (i.e., it swings into the batsman having seemed to be going outside the wicket on his off side)
J
Jock strap – a form of male underwear worn by batsmen and designed to hold the box firmly in place to protect the genitals
K
Keeper – abbreviation of "wicketkeeper"
Knock – slang for a batsman's innings, referred to as a "good knock" if he makes a high score
L
Leg before wicket (lbw) – a common means of dismissal that is complex in its application but basically means that the batsman would have been bowled if the ball had not hit his leg first; this decision is entirely based on the umpire's judgment but the fielding side must appeal for the dismissal first
Leg break - a delivery bowled by a leg spin bowler; bowled to a right-handed batsman, the ball will turn from the leg side to the off side (i.e., it will pass in front of the batsman from his left to his right)
Leg bye – extra(s) awarded if the ball hits the batsman's leg, but not his bat, and it goes away from the fielders to give the batsmen time to run in the conventional way; note that a leg bye cannot be claimed if the batsman did not try to play the ball with the bat
M
Maiden – an over in which no runs are scored from the bat; it is credited to the bowler in his statistical analysis
N
No ball – a penalty of one extra that is conceded by the bowler if he breaks the rules of bowling either by (a) using an inappropriate arm action; (b) overstepping the popping crease; (c) bowling with a foot outside the return crease
O
Obstructed the field – an unusual means of dismissal that tends to involve a batsman deliberately getting in the way of a fielder
Over – a period of play in which six successive deliveries are bowled by one bowler from the same end of the pitch; the name comes from the umpire's call of "Over!" after the sixth delivery has been completed; the next over is bowled by a different bowler from the other end of the pitch
P
Powerplay – a rule introduced in 2005 concerning fielding restrictions in One Day International (ODI) cricket; it applies not only to the first 10 overs of every innings, but also in two blocks of five overs, Powerplays, which will be used at the discretion of the fielding captain
Q
Quick (or quickie) – slang for a fast bowler
R
Run – the basic unit of scoring; in simple terms, the batsman having hit the ball with his bat runs to the other end of the pitch to complete a "run" and so adds one run to his own and his team's total
Run out – a common means of dismissal by which a fielder has broken the wicket with the ball while a batsman was out of his ground; this usually occurs by means of an accurate throw to the wicket while the batsmen are attempting a run
S
Stumped – a common means of dismissal that it is executed by the wicketkeeper alone after the batsman has missed the bowled ball and has stepped out of his ground; the keeper must break the wicket with the ball in his hand for a stumping (if the keeper throws the ball at the wicket, it is a run out)
T
Third umpire - (or TV umpire) is an off-field umpire who makes the final decision in questions referred to him by the two on-field umpires; television replays are available to the third umpire to assist him in coming to a decision
Timed out – an unusual means of dismissal that means that the next batsman did not arrive at the wicket within two minutes of the previous one being dismissed
Twenty20 cricket (pronounced, but not written, 'twenty-twenty cricket') – a fast-paced, shortened form of the game introduced in England in 2003, in which each team plays an innings of twenty overs and the highest-scoring team wins
U
Umpire – a person who has the authority to make decisions on the cricket field, according to the Laws of Cricket
U
Village cricket – a generic term applied to local club cricket in which the playing standard is of minor quality; in practice, village cricket includes games involving teams from towns and cities, not just villages; historically, matches were sometimes referred to as "parish matches"
W
Wide – a penalty of one extra that is conceded by the bowler if he bowls so that the ball is out of the batsman's reach
X
X. Tras – slang for "extras" to imply that an imaginary batsman, sometimes called "Mr Extras", was responsible for scoring the extras in a team's total (there have been instances of extras achieving the "top score" in a team's innings)
Y
Yorker – a fast, straight delivery which the bowler pitches on or close to the popping crease and therefore just in front of the batsman's toes. It is designed to pass under the bat just as its downswing becomes vertical. If successful, the batsman is said to have been "yorked". The yorker is pitched closer to the wicket than a "half-volley" but not as close as a "full toss". The term's origin is uncertain and it is not necessarily connected with Yorkshire.
Z
Zooter (or zoota) – credited to Shane Warne and supposedly a variation of the leg-spin "flipper" which stays close to ground with little bounce