Paracentesis
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A paracentesis is a medical "procedure in which fluid is withdrawn from a body cavity via a trocar and cannula, needle, or other hollow instrument."[1][2][3] A paracentesis usually refers to removing ascites.
Procedure
If a lower quadrant is used, inserting the needle lateral to the rectus muscle will avoid the inferior hypogastric artery.
Interpretation of results
Cell count
- Polymorphonuclear cells count of 250/mm3 or more suggests spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Albumin
- A serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) of less than 1.1 g/dL lowers the probability of portal hypertension.[2]
Protein
- Protein levels less than 1 g/dL have a high risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis during hospitalizations.
Cultures
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Paracentesis (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Wong CL, Holroyd-Leduc J, Thorpe KE, Straus SE (March 2008). "Does this patient have bacterial peritonitis or portal hypertension? How do I perform a paracentesis and analyze the results?". JAMA 299 (10): 1166–78. DOI:10.1001/jama.299.10.1166. PMID 18334692. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Thomsen TW, Shaffer RW, White B, Setnik GS (November 2006). "Videos in clinical medicine. Paracentesis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (19): e21. DOI:10.1056/NEJMvcm062234. PMID 17093242. Research Blogging.