Pessimism: Difference between revisions

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'''Pessimism''' is a tendency to expect that the worst will happen, with overall a lack of hope or confidence in the future.  When measured early in life, pessimism is associated with later mortality,<ref name="pmid19321849">{{cite journal |author=Grossardt BR, Bower JH, Geda YE, Colligan RC, Rocca WA |title=Pessimistic, anxious, and depressive personality traits predict all-cause mortality: the Mayo Clinic cohort study of personality and aging |journal=Psychosom Med |volume=71 |issue=5 |pages=491–500 |year=2009 |month=June |pmid=19321849 |doi=10.1097/PSY.0b013e31819e67db |url=http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=19321849 |issn=}}</ref> whereas [[Optimism|optimism]] is associated with better health.<ref name="pmid19667234">{{cite journal| author=Tindle HA, Chang YF, Kuller LH, Manson JE, Robinson JG, Rosal MC et al.| title=Optimism, cynical hostility, and incident coronary heart disease and mortality in the Women's Health Initiative. | journal=Circulation | year= 2009 | volume= 120 | issue= 8 | pages= 656-62 | pmid=19667234  
'''Pessimism''' is a tendency to expect that the worst will happen, along with having a lack of hope or confidence in the future overall.  When measured early in life, pessimism is associated with later mortality,<ref name="pmid19321849">{{cite journal |author=Grossardt BR, Bower JH, Geda YE, Colligan RC, Rocca WA |title=Pessimistic, anxious, and depressive personality traits predict all-cause mortality: the Mayo Clinic cohort study of personality and aging |journal=Psychosom Med |volume=71 |issue=5 |pages=491–500 |year=2009 |month=June |pmid=19321849 |doi=10.1097/PSY.0b013e31819e67db |url=http://www.psychosomaticmedicine.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=19321849 |issn=}}</ref> whereas [[Optimism|optimism]] is associated with better health.<ref name="pmid19667234">{{cite journal| author=Tindle HA, Chang YF, Kuller LH, Manson JE, Robinson JG, Rosal MC et al.| title=Optimism, cynical hostility, and incident coronary heart disease and mortality in the Women's Health Initiative. | journal=Circulation | year= 2009 | volume= 120 | issue= 8 | pages= 656-62 | pmid=19667234  
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19667234 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.827642 }} <!--Formatted by http://sumsearch.uthscsa.edu/cite/--></ref>
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19667234 | doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.827642 }} <!--Formatted by http://sumsearch.uthscsa.edu/cite/--></ref>



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Pessimism is a tendency to expect that the worst will happen, along with having a lack of hope or confidence in the future overall. When measured early in life, pessimism is associated with later mortality,[1] whereas optimism is associated with better health.[2]

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