Vipera xanthina: Difference between revisions
imported>Gareth Leng (subpages) |
imported>Gareth Leng No edit summary |
||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
==Geographic range== | ==Geographic range== | ||
Found in extreme northeastern Greece, the Greek islands of Simi, Kos, Kalimnos, Leros, Lipsos, Patmos, Samos, Chios and Lesbos, European Turkey, the western half of Anatolia (inland eastward to Kayseri), and islands (e.g. Chalki, Kastellórizon [Meis Adasi]) of the Turkish mainland shelf. The type locality given is "Xanthus" [southwestern Turkey (Kinik)], and "Asia Minor." Listed as "Xanthos" by Schwarz (1936). Nilson and Andrén (1986) restricted the species to "Xanthos" [= Xanthus] (Kinik) province Mugla, S. W. Turkish Anatolia" through lectotype designation.<ref name="McD99"/> | Found in extreme northeastern Greece, the Greek islands of Simi, Kos, Kalimnos, Leros, Lipsos, Patmos, Samos, Chios and Lesbos, European Turkey, the western half of Anatolia (inland eastward to Kayseri), and islands (e.g. Chalki, Kastellórizon [Meis Adasi]) of the Turkish mainland shelf. The type locality given is "Xanthus" [southwestern Turkey (Kinik)], and "Asia Minor." Listed as "Xanthos" by Schwarz (1936).<ref>Schwarze E. 1936. Untersuchungen über Systematik und Verbreitung der europäischen und mediterranen Ottern. Behringwerke-Mitteilungen 7:159-262</ref> Nilson and Andrén (1986)<ref>Nilson G, Andrén C. 1986. The mountain vipers of the Middle East: The ''Vipera xanthina'' complex. Bonner Zoologische Monographien 20</ref> restricted the species to "Xanthos" [= Xanthus] (Kinik) province Mugla, S. W. Turkish Anatolia" through lectotype designation.<ref name="McD99"/> | ||
==Conservation status== | ==Conservation status== | ||
| Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
According to Nilson, Andrén and Flärdh (1990), ''[[Vipera bornmuelleri|V. bornmuelleri]]'', ''[[Vipera bulgardaghica|V. bulgardaghica]]'', ''[[Vipera wagneri|V.wagneri]]'' and ''V. xanthina'' are all closely related and together form the ''Vipera xanthina'' group or complex.<ref name="McD99"/> | According to Nilson, Andrén and Flärdh (1990), <ref>Nilson G, Andrén C, and Flärdh B. 1990. ''Vipera albizona'' a new mountain viper from central Turkey, with comments on the isolating effects of the Anatolian "diagonal." Amphibia-Reptilia 11:285-94</ref> | ||
''[[Vipera bornmuelleri|V. bornmuelleri]]'', ''[[Vipera bulgardaghica|V. bulgardaghica]]'', ''[[Vipera wagneri|V.wagneri]]'' and ''V. xanthina'' are all closely related and together form the ''Vipera xanthina'' group or complex.<ref name="McD99"/> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 16:04, 14 March 2009
- The content on this page originated on Wikipedia and is yet to be significantly improved. Contributors are invited to replace and add material to make this an original article.
| Vipera xanthina | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| Binomial name | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Vipera xanthina (Gray, 1849) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Synonyms | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
Common names: rock viper, coastal viper, Ottoman viper, Turkish viper, Near East viper.[2]
Vipera xanthina is a venomous viper species found in northeastern Greece and Turkey, as well as certain islands in the Aegean Sea. No subspecies are currently recognized.[3]
Description
Usually grows to 70-95 cm, but reaches a maximum length of 130 cm on certain Greek islands in the Aegean Sea.[2]
Geographic range
Found in extreme northeastern Greece, the Greek islands of Simi, Kos, Kalimnos, Leros, Lipsos, Patmos, Samos, Chios and Lesbos, European Turkey, the western half of Anatolia (inland eastward to Kayseri), and islands (e.g. Chalki, Kastellórizon [Meis Adasi]) of the Turkish mainland shelf. The type locality given is "Xanthus" [southwestern Turkey (Kinik)], and "Asia Minor." Listed as "Xanthos" by Schwarz (1936).[4] Nilson and Andrén (1986)[5] restricted the species to "Xanthos" [= Xanthus] (Kinik) province Mugla, S. W. Turkish Anatolia" through lectotype designation.[1]
Conservation status
This species is classified as Least Concern (LC) according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v3.1, 2001). Listed as such due to its wide distribution, presumed large population, and because it is unlikely to be declining fast enough to qualify for listing in a more threatened category. Year assessed: 2005.[6][7]
It is also listed as strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention.[8]
Taxonomy
According to Nilson, Andrén and Flärdh (1990), [9] V. bornmuelleri, V. bulgardaghica, V.wagneri and V. xanthina are all closely related and together form the Vipera xanthina group or complex.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
- ↑ Vipera xanthina (TSN 635004) at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed 5 July 2007.
- ↑ Schwarze E. 1936. Untersuchungen über Systematik und Verbreitung der europäischen und mediterranen Ottern. Behringwerke-Mitteilungen 7:159-262
- ↑ Nilson G, Andrén C. 1986. The mountain vipers of the Middle East: The Vipera xanthina complex. Bonner Zoologische Monographien 20
- ↑ Montivipera xanthina at IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
- ↑ 2001 Categories & Criteria (version 3.1)IUCN Red List. Accessed 6 October 2006.
- ↑ Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, Appendix II at Council of Europe. Accessed 9 October 2006.
- ↑ Nilson G, Andrén C, and Flärdh B. 1990. Vipera albizona a new mountain viper from central Turkey, with comments on the isolating effects of the Anatolian "diagonal." Amphibia-Reptilia 11:285-94