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Contents 1 Parent topics 2 Subtopics 2.1 Subdisciplines 2.1.1 Core areas 2.1.2 Fields of linguistics 2.2 Applied linguistics 2.3 History of linguistics 2.4 Descriptions of language 3 Other related topics 3.1 Communication and discourse 3.2 Attitudes to language and linguistic study

Parent topics

• Science [r]: The organized body of knowledge about the physical world derived from the activities of observation and experimentation. [e]
• Social Sciences [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Language [r]: A type of communication system; this term is used in linguistics, computer science and other fields to refer to different systems, including 'natural language' in humans, programming languages run on computers, and so on. [e]

Subtopics

Subdisciplines

Core areas

• Phonology [r]: In linguistics, the study of the system used to represent language, including sounds in spoken language and hand movements in sign language. [e]
• Syntax [r]: Please do not use this term in your topic list, because there is no single article for it. Please substitute a more precise term. See Syntax (disambiguation) for a list of available, more precise, topics. Please add a new usage if needed.
• Morphology (linguistics) [r]: The study of word structure; the study of such patterns of word-formation across and within languages, and attempts to explicate formal rules reflective of the knowledge of the speakers of those languages. [e]
• Semantics (linguistics) [r]: The subfield of the study of language which focuses on meaning. [e]
• Pragmatics [r]: Branch of linguistics concerned with language in use or the study of meaning as it arises from language occurring in context. [e]
• Phonetics [r]: Branch of linguistics that deals with the sounds of speech and their production, combination, description, and representation by written symbols. [e]

Fields of linguistics

Language acquisition [r]: The study of how language comes to users of first and second languages. [e] Cognitive linguistics [r]: School of linguistics that understands language creation, learning, and usage as best explained by reference to human cognition in general. [e] Grammar [r]: The logical and structural rules that govern the composition of sentences, phrases, and words in any given natural language. [e] Sociolinguistics [r]: Branch of linguistics concerned with language in social contexts - how people use language, how it varies, how it contributes to users' sense of identity, etc. [e] Creolistics [r]: The study of creole and pidgin languages. [e] Language evolution [r]: Add brief definition or description Psycholinguistics [r]: Study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language. [e]

Neurolinguistics [r]: Add brief definition or description Generative linguistics [r]: School of thought within linguistics that makes use of the concept of a generative grammar. [e] Natural language [r]: A communication system based on sequences of acoustic, visual or tactile symbols that serve as units of meaning. [e] Psycholinguistics [r]: Study of the psychological and neurobiological factors that enable humans to acquire, use, comprehend and produce language. [e] Anthropological linguistics [r]: The study of language through human genetics and human development. [e] Computational linguistics [r]: Defined by the Association for Computational Linguistics as:"...the scientific study of language from a computational perspective. Computational linguists are interested in providing computational models of various kinds of linguistic phenomena." [e] Writing systems [r]: Add brief definition or description

Applied linguistics

• Applied linguistics [r]: The application of linguistic theories to practical issues and problems, such as language learning. [e]
• Clinical linguistics [r]: Add brief definition or description

History of linguistics

• History of linguistics [r]: Chronological study which deavours to describe and explain the human faculty of language. [e]
• Contextual linguistics [r]: Add brief definition or description

Descriptions of language

Linguistic typology [r]: Subfield of linguistics that studies and classifies languages according to their structural features. [e] Descriptive linguistics [r]: The work of analyzing and describing how language is spoken (or how it was spoken in the past) by a group of people in a speech community. [e] Historical linguistics [r]: The study of how languages change over time, and linguistic patterns within that change. [e]

Comparative linguistics [r]: (also known as comparative philology) A branch of historical linguistics that uses a number of methods of comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness. [e] Linguistic variation [r]: The range of differences between the languages of the world. [e] Corpus linguistics [r]: The study of language as expressed in samples (corpora) or 'real world' text. [e]

Other related topics

Communication and discourse

• Communication [r]: The set of interactive processes that create shared meaning. [e]
• Stylistics [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Discourse analysis [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Paralanguage [r]: Set of nonphonemic properties of speech, such as speaking tempo, vocal pitch, and intonational contours, that can be used to communicate attitudes or other shades of meaning. [e]
• Speech Recognition [r]: The ability to recognize and understand human speech, especially when done by computers. [e]

Attitudes to language and linguistic study

• Linguistic prescriptivism [r]: The laying down or prescribing of normative rules for the use of a language, or the making of recommendations for effective language usage. [e]