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- Acetylcholine [r]: A chemical transmitter in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS) in many organisms including humans. [e]
- Acid rain [r]: Deposition of acidified rain, snow, sleet, hail, gases and particles, and acidified fog and cloud water, due to nitric or sulfuric acid pollution. [e]
- Adenine [r]: A base incorporated into DNA and RNA and part of an energy carrier, as ATP, in metabolism. [e]
- Adenosine triphosphate [r]: A molecule sometimes called the "energy currency" of a cell [e]
- Agriculture [r]: The process of producing food, feed, fiber and other goods by the systematic raising of plants and animals. [e]
- Air preheater [r]: A general term to describe any device designed to preheat the combustion air used in a fuel-burning furnace for the purpose of increasing the thermal efficiency of the furnace. [e]
- Alcor Life Extension Foundation [r]: Cryonics research non-profit based in Scottsdale, Arizona. [e]
- Allotrope [r]: A structural form of a chemical element, a specific configuration of atoms making up the crystalline structure. [e]
- Alpha particle [r]: helium nucleus; particle of charge 2e and mass 4 u. [e]
- Aluminum [r]: The third most abundant metal on Earth, [e]
- Amino acid [r]: Biochemical with an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain bonded to a central carbon. [e]
- Ammonia production [r]: The processes for the manufacture of hydrogen (H2) and ammonia (NH3). [e]
- Amphetamine [r]: A synthetic central nervous system stimulant which is used, today, to treat limited medical disorders. [e]
- Argon [r]: A chemical element with atomic number 18. It is an inert gas in group 18 of the modern periodic table. [e]
- Arsenic [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol As, and atomic number (the number of protons) 33. [e]
- Astatine [r]: A radioactive chemical element with atomic number Z=85. [e]
- Atmosphere [r]: The layers of gas surrounding stars and planets. [e]
- Atom (science) [r]: The defining unit of chemical elements. [e]
- Atomic electron configuration [r]: A specification of the occupation of an atom's electron orbitals by electrons. [e]
- Atomic mass [r]: The mass of an atom expressed in unified atomic mass units (u) and formerly known as atomic weight. [e]
- Atomic number [r]: The number of protons in the nucleus of a single atom of a chemical element. [e]
- Atomic radius [r]: A measure of the size of an atom, usually the distance from the nucleus to the boundary of the surrounding cloud of electrons. [e]
- Bacteria [r]: A major group of single-celled microorganisms. [e]
- Beryllium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Be, and atomic number (the number of protons) 4. [e]
- Boron [r]: A rare chemical element (atomic number = 5) present in 0.0003% of the earth's crust, mostly as borax and kernite. [e]
- Bromine [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Br, and atomic number (the number of protons) 35. [e]
- Cadmium [r]: A chemical element with the symbol Cd and atomic number 48. [e]
- Calcium [r]: The chemical element with the symbol Ca and atomic number 20. [e]
- Carbon [r]: Fourth most abundant chemical element in the Universe, with atomic number Z=6. [e]
- Catalog of magnetic nuclei [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Catalytic reforming [r]: A catalytic chemical process that converts petroleum naphthas into high-octane gasoline components. [e]
- Chemical elements [r]: Chemical elements, in one sense of the term, refers to species or types of atoms and, in another sense of the term, refers to chemical pure substances each composed of atoms solely of a single species or type. [e]
- Chemical engineering [r]: The field of engineering that deals with industrial and natural processes involving the chemical, physical or biological transformation of matter or energy into forms useful for mankind, economically and safely without compromising the environment [e]
- Chlorine [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Cl, and atomic number (the number of protons) 17. [e]
- Chromium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Cr, and atomic number (the number of protons) 24. [e]
- Classification of rigid rotors [r]: A terminological scheme to classify rigid rotors by the relative size of their principal moments of inertia. [e]
- Coal [r]: A carbon-containing rock formed by the effect of bacteria, heat and pressure on the debris from the decay of ferns, vines, trees and other plants which flourished in swamps millions of years ago. [e]
- Cobalt [r]: A hard, lustrous, grey metal, a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27. [e]
- Combustion [r]: A sequence of exothermic chemical reactions between a fuel and an oxidant accompanied by the production of heat or both heat and light in the form of either a glow or flames. [e]
- Compressibility factor (gases) [r]: A thermodynamic property for modifying the ideal gas law to account for behavior of real gases. [e]
- Continuous distillation [r]: An ongoing separation process in which a liquid mixture of two or more miscible components is continuously fed into the process and physically separated into two or more products by preferentially boiling the more volatile (i.e., lower boiling point) components out of the mixture. [e]
- Conventional coal-fired power plant [r]: An industrial plant which produces electricity by burning coal in a steam generator that heats water to produce high pressure steam. The steam flows through a series of steam turbines which spin an electrical generator to produce electricity. [e]
- Copper [r]: A transition metal chemical element. [e]
- Cryogenics [r]: The study of the production and behaviour of materials at very low temperature (below –150 °C, –238 °F or 123 K). [e]
- Cryonics Institute [r]: A member-owned-and-operated not-for-profit corporation in Clinton Township, Michigan, which provides cryonics services. [e]
- DNA [r]: A macromolecule that stores genetic information. Chemically, a nucleic acid. [e]
- Death [r]: State of thermodynamic equilibrium achieved after the end of life. [e]
- Deuterium [r]: An isotope of the chemical element hydrogen containing one proton and one neutron. [e]
- Digital object identifier [r]: Unique label for a computer readable object that can be found on the internet, usually used in academic journals. [e]
- Electron configuration [r]: The arrangement of electrons of an atom, a molecule, or other physical structure, distributed in the orbitals of the given system. [e]
- Elementary charge [r]: Charge of electron (negative) and proton (positive); before discovery of the quark thought to be the smallest possible electric charge. [e]
- Ernest Rutherford [r]: (August 30, 1871 - October 19, 1937)The first person to split an atom. [e]
- Expansion turbine [r]: A centrifugal or axial flow turbine through which a high pressure gas is isentropically expanded to produce work. [e]
- Flue gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion [r]: Discussion and listing of the comparative amounts of flue gas (exhaust gas) generated by the combustion of coal, fuel oil and natural gas. [e]
- Flue gas stack [r]: A vertical pipe, channel or chimney (also referred to as a smokestack) through which combustion product gases (flue gases) are exhausted to the atmosphere. Includes the draft (draught) effect of hot gases flowing through tall stacks (chimneys). [e]
- Flue gas [r]: The gas that exits to the atmosphere via a flue which may be a pipe, channel or chimney for conveying combustion product gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator. [e]
- Fluid catalytic cracking [r]: A petroleum refining process that cracks the large hydrocarbon molecules in the portion of the petroleum crude oil boiling above 340 °C into lower boiling, more valuable high octane gasoline and olefinic gases. [e]
- Fluorine [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol F, and atomic number (the number of protons) 9. [e]
- Gallium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Ga, and atomic number (the number of protons) 31. [e]
- Gasoline [r]: A fuel for spark-ignited internal combustion engines derived from petroleum crude oil. [e]
- Gas [r]: One of the major states of matter (i.e., gas, liquid, solid and plasma). [e]
- Germanium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Ge, and atomic number (the number of protons) 32. [e]
- Glucose [r]: A monosaccharide (or simple sugar) and an important carbohydrate in biology, used by the living cell as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate. [e]
- Gold [r]: Chemical element 79, a lustrous corrosion-resistant precious metal used for money, electronics and jewelry. [e]
- Greenhouse effect [r]: A general attribute of planets and moons with atmospheres denoting an imbalance between surface radiation and top-of-atmosphere radiation due to the presence of greenhouse gases. [e]
- Guanine [r]: Natural biomolecule used as one of the five bases in RNA and DNA. [e]
- Haber process [r]: A chemical process used to produce the useful substance ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen. [e]
- Half-life [r]: The amount of time needed for one half of any reactant subject to first-order decomposition to decay. [e]
- Helium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol N, and atomic number (the number of protons) 7. [e]
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplant [r]: Transplantation of blood stem cells derived from the bone marrow or blood, most often performed for people with diseases of the blood and cancer. [e]
- Henry's law [r]: The relationship between the amount of gas dissolved in a liquid and the partial pressure of that gas above the liquid. [e]
- Heterocycle [r]: A cyclized chemical with nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur within the ring structure. [e]
- Hydrocracking [r]: A catalytic chemical process used in petroleum refineries for converting the high-boiling constituent hydrocarbons in petroleum crude oils to more valuable lower-boiling products such as gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel and diesel oil. [e]
- Hydrodesulfurization [r]: A catalytic chemical process used in petroleum refining to remove sulfur compounds from intermediate and refined end-products. [e]
- Hydrogen bond [r]: A non-covalent and non-ionic chemical bond involving a hydrogen atom and either Fluorine, Nitrogen, or Oxygen. [e]
- Hydrogen [r]: The most abundant and lightest chemical element which has atomic number Z = 1 and chemical symbol H. [e]
- Intermolecular forces [r]: Non-covalent forces between atoms and molecules; often synonymous with Van der Waals forces. [e]
- Iridium [r]: A very hard, brittle, silvery-white transition metal and chemical element with atomic number 77, and is represented by the symbol Ir. [e]
- Iron [r]: An important transition metal and chemical element with the symbol Fe (Latin: ferrum) and atomic number 26. [e]
- Isotope [r]: An atom of a chemical element with a specific number of neutrons and hence a specific nuclear mass, such as carbon-14 (14C). [e]
- Johannes Diderik van der Waals [r]: (1837 – 1923) Dutch scientist, proposed the van der Waals equation of state for gases. [e]
- John Dalton [r]: English pioneer chemist and meteorologist (1766-1844), formulated the first quantitative atomic theory. [e]
- Joseph Black [r]: (1728 – 1799) Scottish physicist and chemist, known for his discoveries of latent heat, specific heat, and carbon dioxide [e]
- Joule-Thomson effect [r]: The increase or decrease in the temperature of a real gas (as differentiated from an ideal gas) when it is allowed to expand freely at constant enthalpy (meaning that no heat is transferred to or from the gas, and no external work is extracted from the gas). [e]
- Kidney [r]: Organs in the dorsal region of the vertebrate abdominal cavity, functioning to maintain proper water and electrolyte balance, regulate acid-base concentration, and filter the blood of metabolic wastes, which are then excreted as urine. [e]
- Krypton [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Li, and atomic number (the number of protons) 3. [e]
- Lactam [r]: A cyclic amide chemical compound. Important component of many antibiotics. [e]
- Large-scale trickle filters [r]: One of the processes by which biodegradable substances in wastewaters are biochemically oxidized. [e]
- Law of multiple proportions (chemistry) [r]: When two elements form multiple compounds, the differing masses of one element combining with the same mass of the other occur as the ratio of small whole numbers. [e]
- Lead [r]: Chemical element number 82, a corrosion-resistant, dense, ductile heavy metal known to cause neurological problems. [e]
- Leidenfrost effect [r]: Hovering, dancing movement of a liquid on a hot surface, such as water drops on a hot skillet. [e]
- Lewis acid-base theory [r]: Most comprehensive acid-base theory, covering all acid-base reactions as well as the formation of chemical complexes. [e]
- Lightning [r]: An atmospheric discharge of electricity accompanied by thunder, which typically occurs during thunderstorms, and sometimes during volcanic eruptions or dust storms. [e]
- Lithium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Li, and atomic number (the number of protons) 3. [e]
- Macromolecular chemistry [r]: The study of the physical, biological and chemical structure, properties, composition, and reaction mechanisms of macromolecules. [e]
- Magnesium [r]: The metallic element that has atomic number 12 and belongs to alkaline earth metal group. [e]
- Magnetic field [r]: Vector field H caused by permanent magnets, conduction currents, and displacement currents. [e]
- Magnetometer [r]: A scientific instrument used to measure the strength and/or direction of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the instrument. [e]
- Manganese [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Mn, and atomic number (the number of protons) 25. [e]
- Mars (planet) [r]: The fourth planet from the Sun in our solar system; named after the Roman god of war; also known as the "Red Planet". [e]
- Microbial metabolism [r]: The means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and propagate. [e]
- Microorganism [r]: A 'germ', an organism that is too small to be seen individually with the naked eye. [e]
- Molecular mass [r]: The mass of a molecule expressed in unified atomic mass units. [e]
- Molybdenum [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Mo, and atomic number (the number of protons) 42. [e]
- NMR spectroscopy [r]: The use of electromagnetic radiation, in the presence of a magnetic field, to obtain information regarding transitions between different nuclear spin states of the nuclei present in the sample of interest. [e]
- Natural gas processing [r]: Industrial facilities that process raw natural gas to remove contaminants as well as to separate out and recover by product natural gas liquids. [e]
- Neon [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Ne, and atomic number (the number of protons) 10. [e]
- Neptunium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol N, and atomic number (the number of protons) 7. [e]
- Nickel [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Ni, and atomic number (the number of protons) 28. [e]
- Niobium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Nb, and atomic number (the number of protons) 41. [e]
- Nuclear chemistry [r]: Subfield of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, nuclear processes and nuclear properties. [e]
- Nuclear fuel [r]: Material that can be consumed to derive nuclear energy, usually heavy fissile elements that can be made to undergo nuclear fission chain reactions in a nuclear fission reactor. [e]
- Orbital hybridisation [r]: The concept of mixing atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals suitable for the qualitative description of atomic bonding properties. [e]
- Organic chemistry [r]: The scientific study of the structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of chemical compounds of carbon and hydrogen, which may contain any number of other elements. [e]
- Oxidation state [r]: A measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom in a substance. [e]
- Oxygen [r]: A chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8. [e]
- Partial pressure [r]: The pressure which each gas in a gas mixture would have if it alone occupied the same volume at the same temperature. [e]
- Periodic Table of Elements [r]: A tabular method of displaying the chemical elements. [e]
- Phosphorus [r]: Chemical element (Z=15) vital to life and widely used in fertilizers, detergents and pesticides. [e]
- Polonium [r]: A rare and highly unstable radioactive metalloid with the symbol Po and atomic number 84. [e]
- Polyatomic ion [r]: An ion consisting of a molecule with covalently bonded atoms or of a metal complex that can be considered to act as a single unit in the context of acid and base chemistry or in the formation of salts (i.e., a group of bonded atoms that act as if they were one). [e]
- Potassium [r]: A very reactive, silvery white alkali metal, chemical element 19 with symbol K. [e]
- Protein structure [r]: The structure of a protein, consisting of primary, secondary and tertiary structures. [e]
- Protein [r]: A polymer of amino acids; basic building block of living systems. [e]
- Proton [r]: A subatomic particle with an electric charge of +1 elementary charge. [e]
- RNA world hypothesis [r]: Proposes that a world filled with life based on ribonucleic acid (RNA) predated current life based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). [e]
- Rubidium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Rb, and atomic number (the number of protons) 37. [e]
- Scandium [r]: A silvery-white metallic transition metal, with symbol Sc and atomic number 21. [e]
- Selenium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Se, and atomic number (the number of protons) 34. [e]
- Silicon [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Si, and atomic number (the number of protons) 14. [e]
- Silver [r]: A metallic element with the periodic symbol Ag; a precious metal. [e]
- Sodium [r]: A soft, silvery white, highly reactive element which has the symbol Na and atomic number 11. [e]
- Solenoid (physics) [r]: A spiral of insulating wire wound around a cylinder; when a direct current passes through the wire a magnetic field is generated, and the solenoid becomes an electromagnet. [e]
- Specific heat ratio [r]: The ratio of the specific heat of a gas at constant pressure,
, to the specific heat at constant volume, 
, also sometimes called the adiabatic index or the heat capacity ratio or the isentropic expansion factor. [e]
- Steel [r]: An alloy whose major component is iron, with carbon content between 0.02% and 1.7% by weight, depending on grade. [e]
- Strontium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Sr, and atomic number (the number of protons) 38. [e]
- Sulfur [r]: A yellowish crystalline chemical element with the symbol S and the atomic number of 16. [e]
- Technetium [r]: A synthetic chemical element, having the chemical symbol Tc, and atomic number (the number of protons) 43. [e]
- Titanium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Ti, and atomic number (the number of protons) 22. [e]
- Triazole [r]: Aromatic heterocyclic chemical with formula C2H3N3. [e]
- Unified atomic mass unit [r]: A unit of atomic and molecular mass. [e]
- Unobtanium [r]: A supposed element created by colfrission with phlogiston while suspended in the ether, according to undiscovered alchemical documents supposedly in a cave in France. [e]
- Uracil [r]: One of the four bases found in ribonucleic acid (RNA). [e]
- Uranium [r]: A silvery-white metallic chemical element in the actinide series of the periodic table that has the symbol U and atomic number 92. [e]
- Vacuum distillation [r]: The laboratory or industrial-scale distillation of liquids performed at a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. [e]
- Van der Waals molecule [r]: A stable molecular cluster consisting of two or more molecules held together by van der Waals forces or by hydrogen bonds. [e]
- Vandium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Li, and atomic number (the number of protons) 3. [e]
- Venus (planet) [r]: The second planet from the Sun in our solar system; named after the Roman goddess of love. [e]
- Water [r]: A chemical compound with one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms (H20). It is often in a liquid form and makes up the bulk of the oceans, lakes, rivers and living organisms. [e]
- Yttrium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Y, and atomic number (the number of protons) 39. [e]
- Zinc [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Zn, and atomic number (the number of protons) 30. [e]
- Zirconium [r]: A chemical element, having the chemical symbol Zr, and atomic number (the number of protons) 40. [e]
